摘要
目的 分析2012-2021年我国护理人力资源的配置现状,为我国护理人力资源的优化配置和护理事业高质量发展决策提供参考.方法 利用2012-2021年《中国卫生统计年鉴》和《中国统计年鉴》的相关数据,以注册护士数、注册护士占卫生技术人员比例、医护比、床护比、每千人口注册护士数等为指标,运用集聚度和秩和比法综合评价我国护理人力资源配置现状.结果 2012-2021年全国注册护士数、每千人口注册护士数、医护比、床护比、护士占卫生技术人员比等指标均呈现正增长趋势.2012-2019东部地区的卫生资源集聚度(HRAD)/人口集聚度(PAD)值均＞1,2020-2021年＜1;中部地区2012-2021年的HRAD/PAD值均＜1;2012-2016年西部地区的HRAD/PAD值均＜1,2017-2021年均＞1.2021年我国护理人力资源状况根据秩和比法分为低、偏低、中、高等4档.结论 我国护理人力资源总量稳步增长,但仍有较大提升空间,内部结构有待优化;东、中、西部的护理人力资源配置整体处于较为合理的状态,但存在区域差异,部分省级行政区护理人力资源综合水平需均衡调配.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the current situation of nursing human resources allocation in China from 2012 to 2021,so as to provide decision-making reference for the optimal allocation of nursing human resources and the high-quality development of nur-sing career in China.Methods Utilizing relevant data from China Health Statistics Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook from 2012-2021,the number of registered nurses,the ratio of registered nurses to health technicians,the ratio of medical care,the ra-tio of beds to nurses,and the number of registered nurses per 1,000 population were used as indicators.The clustering and rank-sum ratio methods were used to comprehensively evaluate the current situation of the allocation of nursing human resources in Chi-na.Results The number of registered nurses,the number of registered nurses per 1,000 population,the ratio of healthcare to nur-sing,the ratio of beds to nurses,and the ratio of nurses to healthcare technicians showed a positive growth trend in the country from 2012 to 2021.The HRAD/PAD values in the eastern region were all greater than 1 from 2012 to 2019,but less than 1 from 2020 to 2021.The HRAD/PAD value of the central region in ten years was less than 1.The HRAD/PAD value of the western re-gion in 2012-2016 was less than 1,and greater than 1in 2017-2021.In 2021,China's nursing human resources status was divi-ded into low,below medium,medium and high 4 grades according to the rank-sum ratio method.Conclusion The total amount of nursing human resources in China has been growing steadily,but there is still much room for development,and the internal struc-ture needs to be optimized.The allocation of nursing human resources in the east,middle and west is in a reasonable state as a whole,but there are regional differences,and there is an urgent need for balance in the comprehensive level of nursing human re-sources in some provinces and regions.
基金项目
国家社会科学基金(20CFX017)
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(21YJC820050)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据