摘要
目的 探讨呼吸神经肌肉电刺激联合抗阻呼吸训练对肺纤维化患者肺功能、呼吸肌力、呼吸困难程度、焦虑抑郁状态的影响.方法 将76例特发性肺纤维化患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各38例.对照组给予常规的疾病药物治疗、呼吸功能锻炼及健康教育,观察组在对照组干预措施的基础上每天上午进行30 min的呼吸神经肌肉电刺激,下午进行30次的抗阻呼吸训练.干预时间为4周,观察干预前后两组患者的肺功能、呼吸肌力、呼吸困难程度、心理状态.结果 干预后,两组用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、第1秒用力肺活量占用力肺活量的比值[FEV1/FVC(％)]、吸气肌力(MIP)、呼气肌力(MEP)水平、呼吸困难评分及医院焦虑量表比较,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 呼吸神经肌肉电刺激联合抗阻呼吸训练可改善肺纤维化患者的呼吸困难程度,提高呼吸肌的力量,延缓其肺功能下降速度,从而使患者的焦虑抑郁得到缓解.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of respiratory neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with anti-resistance breathing training on pulmonary function,respiratory muscle strength,dyspnea,anxiety and depression in patients with pulmona-ry fibrosis.Methods A total of 76 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated in the Respiratory Department of the Affilia-ted Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from June 2022 to February 2023 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 38 patients in each group.The control group received routine medication,respiratory function exercises,and health education.The observation group,in addition to the interventions provided to the control group,re-ceived 30 minutes of respiratory neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the morning and 30 sessions of resistance breathing training in the afternoon.The intervention lasted for 4 weeks,and the pulmonary function,respiratory muscle strength,severity of dysp-nea,and psychological status were observed before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,there were significant differences between the two groups in forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1),FEV1/FVC ra-tio,maximum inspiratory pressure(MIP),maximum expiratory pressure(MEP)levels,mMRC score,and the score of Hospital Anxiety Scale(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Respiratory neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with anti-resistance breathing training can improve the severity of dyspnea,enhance respiratory muscle strength,delay the decline of pulmonary function,and alleviate anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.
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