摘要
目的 对即时适应性干预在身体活动促进中应用的相关研究进行范围综述,为即时适应性干预研究的开展及临床应用提供参考.方法 以范围综述指南为方法学框架,系统检索国内外主要中英文数据库中的相关文献,检索时限为 自建库至2024年6月20日,对纳入的文献进行汇总分析.结果 共纳入22篇文献.即时适应性干预交付载体多为智能手机及应用程序,干预人群包括学生、职业人群、老年人、超重/肥胖人群以及慢性病患者;理论基础包括行为改变理论和福格(Fogg)行为模型;干预的设计框架包括远期结局、近期结局、决策点、干预选项、适配变量和决策规则;干预的结局指标包括久坐时长、活动水平、步行距离、心理/情感状态、生活质量、生理参数、可行性、可接受性8个方面.结论 即时适应性干预具有生态学效度、自动化及趣味性优势,有助于提升干预人群的身体活动水平.未来需开展大样本、高质量的随机对照研究,重视受试者群体特征及需求,完善方案设计,优化学习算法,考虑干预交付实施的可行性和可接受性,提升即时适应性干预在活动促进中的渐进性影响.
Abstract
Objective To conduct a scoping review to explore the application of Just-in-time adaptive intervention(JITAI)in physical activity promotion,and to provide reference for future research and clinical application.Methods Based on the scoping review frame-work proposed by Arksey and O'Malley,relevant literature regarding JITAI in physical activity promotion was searched in Eng-lish-language and Chinese-language bibliographic databases from inception of each database to June 20,2024.The included litera-ture was summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 22 publications were included.JITAI was mainly conducted via smartphone and Apps.JITAI targeted students,occupational populations,older adults,overweight/obese people and patients with chronic di-seases.Theories for guiding the construction of JITAI were the Theory of Behavior Change and the Fogg Behavior Model.The in-tervention design framework included long-term outcome,short-term outcome,decision points,intervention options,tailoring variables and decision rules.The outcome indicators included eight aspects:sedentary time,activity level,walking distance,psy-chological/emotional state,quality of life,physiological parameters,feasibility and acceptability.Conclusion JITAI has the advan-tages of ecological validity,adapted and system-triggered support,and fun in increasing physical activity.In the future,it is neces-sary to conduct large-sample,high-quality randomized controlled studies,pay attention to the characteristics and needs of the rep-resentative populations,improve protocol design,optimize decision rules,consider the feasibility and acceptability of intervention delivery,thus to enhance the impact of JITAI in physical activity promotion.
维普
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