Spatial-temporal changes of built-up areas in Zibo City from 2004 to 2024
Monitoring changes in urban built-up areas is crucial for scientifically planning urban development and improving residents′ quality of life.Taking Zibo City as an example,this study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of changes in urban built-up areas using Landsat imagery data from three time points:2004,2014,and 2024.By comparing five ENVI image classification methods,the support vector machine meth-od,which has the highest accuracy,was chosen to extract the built-up area boundaries,and GIS technology was utilized to calculate the area of the built-up region.The results indicate that the built-up area of Zibo City has shown an expansion trend over the past twenty years,with its center of gravity shifting overall toward the north-west direction.Urban development displays characteristics of outward expansion,but the boundaries of the built-up area are irregular.The expansion of the built-up area is influenced by various factors,including the natural environment,population,economy,transportation conditions,and policy guidance.To promote the sus-tainable development of Zibo City,it is recommended that future urban planning focus on enhancing the regu-larity and compactness of built-up areas,improving the efficiency of urban space utilization,and strengthening the comprehensive management of influencing factors.