我国道路交通安全领域"首违不罚"制度的适用及其规范
The Application and Norm of"Impunity of First Violates"in the Field of Road Traffic Safety in China
刘丽 1邓语柠1
作者信息
- 1. 湖南师范大学,湖南 长沙 410081
- 折叠
摘要
"首违不罚"制度是地方探索如何优化行政执法方式的产物,因在实践中取得良好的社会效果,2021年新修订的《行政处罚法》以正式的法律条文规定该制度,该制度进一步放宽免于处罚的条件,提高了全社会对行政处罚的认可.道路交通安全领域落实《行政处罚法》"首违不罚"制度主要表现为出台"首次违法警告清单"和"轻微违法免罚清单".然而两个清单在实施中却存在部分地区未主动公开清单、突破立法体制中立法层级、各地适用条件不一等诸多问题.为了充分发挥"首违不罚"制度的价值和功能,应由更高位阶的法律法规统一"首违不罚"的适用条件以符合立法体制,通过行政执法机关单独出台并公开两个清单规范行政机关自由裁量权,通过明确"首违不罚"适用条件中的因素避免适用条件认定不一.
Abstract
The system of"first violation without punishment"is a product of exploration by local organs on how to optimize the administrative law enforcement mode.Because of the good social effect achieved in practice,the newly revised Administrative Punishment Law in 2021 stipulated the system with formal legal provisions,which further relaxed the conditions for exemption from punishment and improved the recognition of administrative punishment by the whole society.In the field of road traffic safety,the implementation of the system of"first violation without punishment"in the Administrative Punishment Law is mainly manifested in the introduction of the"first violation warning list"and"minor violation exemption list".However,there are many problems in the implementation of the two lists,such as some areas not taking the initiative to disclose the list,breaking through the legislative level in the legislative system,and different applicable conditions in different places.In order to give full play to the value and function of the system,the applicable conditions of"no penalty for first violation"should be unified by higher-level laws and regulations to conform to the legislative system,and the discretion of administrative organs should be regulated through two separate lists issued and made public by administrative law enforcement organs,so as to avoid different identification of applicable conditions by clarifying the factors in the applicable conditions of"no penalty for first violation".
关键词
道路交通安全/行政处罚/首违不罚Key words
road traffic safety/administrative punishment/first violation of impunity引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据