The social and political turmoil and the collapse of the rites and music civilization in the Warring States period urgently needed to reconstruct a stable and harmonious order of the world.Xunzi,who inherited the study of ritual of his predecessors and integrated them into a consistent system,presented a self-consistent idea.Based on the"distinction between heaven and human beings",Xunzi regarded the study of ritual as the way of achieving goals in the human world.On the one hand,he clearly stated that the rites are used to nurture the natural desires of people,regulate their behavior,and arrange individual lives to enhance moral values.On the other hand,he emphasized the use of rites to distinguish ranks and titles,promote division of labor and cooperation,and promote the formation and operation of social order,in order to achieve his original intention of clarifying the chaos of the world.So as to achieve the above two purposes,Xunzi attributed the hope to the"sage king"who held supreme power to formulate rites and laws and adjudicate penalties.However,in the aspect of checking the royal power,Xunzi tended to the moral level of cautious admonition and warning,and did not conceive a reasonable and feasible statute system.
关键词
礼/"明于天人之分"/个体生命/社会秩序/"圣王"
Key words
study of ritual/"distinction between heaven and human beings"/individual lives/social order/"sage king"
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