Natural Convection of Hybrid Nanofluids in an Inclined Square Cavity
[Purposes]The influence mechanisms of the tilt angle of a square cavity and Ra number on hy-brid nanoflow and heat transfer are studied.[Methods]Firstly,the combination of Adams-Bashforth and backward differentiation formula schemes,which is second-order-accurate and semi-implicit,is ad-opted to treat the temporal discretization.Secondly,the coupling of the velocity and the pressure is treated by using the improved projection scheme.Finally,all the governing equations are solved by using the collocation spectral method.[Findings]After the validation of numerical results,streamlines,iso-therms,and Nusselt number are analyzed for the effect of various parameters,for example,the inclination angle of the cavity(0≤θ≤π/4),and Rayleigh number(104≤Ra≤106).With the increasing of the inclination angle of the cavity,Nusselt number first increases and then drops.The fluid flow and heat transfer in-creases with the increasing of Rayleigh number.[Conclusions]The heat transfer is best when the inclina-tion angle of the cavity is equal to π/6,and Rayleigh number is equal to 106.
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