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医疗废物低温热解技术应用研究

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[目的]近年来,我国医疗废物产生量不断增加,迫切需要通过新型技术应用改善传统技术存在的问题,提高医疗废物综合处置能力和能源利用效率.[方法]采用低温热解技术能够将含塑固废中的碳氢化合物转化为高附加值的热解产物.本次试验利用各类分析检测手段,论证医疗废物消毒尾渣热解可行性,探寻最佳热解条件并分析热解产物基础特性.[结果]医疗废物消毒尾渣热值高、含水率低、挥发分高.在氮气气氛500℃的热解系统中,热解90 min,可得到较高比例的可燃气、热解油、热解炭渣和热解水.[结论]将低温热解技术应用于医疗废物处理处置领域,改变了传统处置技术所存在的各类问题,实现了医疗废物处理过程的资源化、无害化、减量化,符合"双碳"发展规划,有利于构建绿色低碳循环发展体系.
Research on the Application of Low-Temperature Pyrolysis Technology for Medical Waste
[Purposes]In recent years,the amount of medical waste generated in China has been continu-ously increasing,and there is an urgent need to improve the problems of traditional technologies through the application of new technologies,enhance the comprehensive disposal capacity of medical waste,and enhance energy utilization efficiency.[Methods]The use of low-temperature pyrolysis technology can convert hydrocarbons in plastic-containing solid waste into high-value by-products.This experiment employs various analytical and detection methods to demonstrate the feasibility of pyrolysis of medical waste disinfection tailings,explore the optimal pyrolysis conditions,and analyze the basic characteristics of pyrolysis products.[Findings]Medical waste disinfection tailings have high calorific value,low mois-ture content,and high volatile content.In a nitrogen atmosphere,after 90 min at 500℃in a pyrolysis sys-tem,a high proportion of combustible gas,pyrolysis oil,pyrolysis carbon residue,and pyrolysis water can be obtained.[Conclusions]The application of low-temperature pyrolysis technology in the field of medi-cal waste treatment and disposal changes various problems existing in traditional disposal technologies,achieves resource utilization,harmless treatment,and reduction in the medical waste treatment process,conforms to the"dual carbon"development plan,and is conducive to building a green,low-carbon,and circular development system.

medical wastelow-temperature pyrolysiscombustible gaspyrolysis oils

耿宏佩、陈景卫、白德瑞、徐增辉、范李鹏、张文超

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河南天辰新垣环保科技研究院股份有限公司,河南 郑州 451192

医疗废物 低温热解 可燃气 热解油

2024

河南科技
河南省科学技术信息研究院

河南科技

影响因子:0.615
ISSN:1003-5168
年,卷(期):2024.51(12)