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知识产权侵权警告的反不正当竞争法规制

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[目的]知识产权侵权警告常被不当使用,且此类现象在商业诋毁案件中高发.本研究对滥用知识产权侵权警告的行为类型及反不正当竞争法的规制路径进行分析,为规制滥用知识产权侵权警告的行为提供建议.[方法]基于商业诋毁和知识产权侵权警告的概念、要件和司法实践案例,将司法实践中常见的不当知识产权侵权警告进行类型化,与商业诋毁的要件进行对比,并进一步结合国外立法实践进行探讨与总结.[结果]商业诋毁的构成要件在司法实践中虽然不统一,但大部分都对各要件采用了比较宽泛的解释,因此滥用知识产权侵权警告的行为比较容易落入商业诋毁的规制范围内.其中较新的变化在于,在发函对象特定、数量有限的场景下,即使是收函人只有一方的极端情形下,也可被判定为商业诋毁,商业诋毁司法实践中传播的成立与发函对象的多少不再高度关联.[结论]滥用知识产权警告的行为大部分情况下可以用反不正当竞争法的商业诋毁条款进行规制.
Regulation of Anti-Unfair Competition Law on the Warning Behavior of Intellectual Property Infringement
[Purposes]Intellectual property infringement warnings,highly active in commercial defama-tion cases,can easily be abused.This study analyzes the types of such behaviors and the regulatory paths of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law,and provides suggestions for regulating the abuse of intellec-tual property infringement warnings.[Methods]Based on the concepts,requirements and judicial prac-tice cases of commercial defamation and intellectual property infringement warnings,the common im-proper intellectual property infringement warnings in judicial practice are classified,compared with the requirements of commercial defamation,and further discussed and summarized referring to foreign legis-lative practices.[Findings]Although the constituent elements of commercial defamation are not unified in judicial practice,most of them adopt a relatively broad interpretation of each element.Therefore,the abuse of intellectual property infringement warnings is more likely to fall within the scope of commercial defamation regulations.One of the newer changes is that when a letter is sent to the specific or limited number of recipients,even though there is only one recipient,it can still be judged as commercial defa-mation.In judicial practice,dissemination and the quantity of recipient are no longer highly correlated.[Conclusions]In most cases,the abuse of intellectual property warnings can be regulated by the commer-cial defamation provisions of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law.

intellectual property infringement warningtype-based studycommercial defamationcon-stituent elements

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南京理工大学知识产权学院,江苏 南京 210094

知识产权侵权警告 类型化 商业诋毁 构成要件

2024

河南科技
河南省科学技术信息研究院

河南科技

影响因子:0.615
ISSN:1003-5168
年,卷(期):2024.51(19)