解磷微生物在可持续农业中的研究及应用进展
Research and Application Progress of Phosphate-solubilizing Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture
冯菲 1陈静 2徐宏光 1胡虹 1马焕 1李延 1解复红1
作者信息
- 1. 河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司,郑州 450008;河南省工业酶工程技术研究中心,郑州 450008
- 2. 河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司,郑州 450008;河南省工业酶工程技术研究中心,郑州 450008;河南工业大学粮油食品学院,郑州 450001
- 折叠
摘要
磷是植物生长所必需的重要营养元素之一.土壤中含有大量的磷,但其中绝大多数的磷被土壤固定下来,不能被植物根系吸收利用.解磷微生物能够将土壤所固定的磷转化为可被植物吸收利用的磷,以满足植物对磷的需求.用解磷微生物肥料替代化学磷肥是发展可持续农业的趋势.对解磷微生物的种类和解磷机理、解磷微生物在农业生产上的应用等方面的最新研究进展进行了综述,介绍了细菌、真菌、放线菌等解磷微生物种类的基本情况,并总结了酸解和酶解两种解磷机理.主要分析在水稻、玉米、小麦三类主要粮食作物中筛选分离到的解磷微生物研究情况,阐述解磷微生物对各类农作物的生长促进作用.提出解磷微生物需要在耐受不良环境菌株选、解磷活性影响因素、种群结构、解磷环境与效率、菌株基因改良等方面进行更深入研究,以期为解磷微生物未来的研究方向及其在农业生产中的应用提供参考.
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrient elements for plant growth.Soil contains a lot of phosphorus,but most of the phosphorus is fixed by soil and can not be absorbed and utilized by plant.Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms can convert the fixed phosphorus in soil into absorbable phosphorus to meet the phosphorus demand of plants.It is a trend to develop sustainable agriculture to replace chemical phosphorus fertilizer with phosphate-solubilizing microbial fertilizer.This paper comprehensively summarizes the latest research progress in the types and mechanisms of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and the application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in agricultural production.The basic situation of phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms such as bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes was introduced,and the mechanism of acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis was summarized.This paper mainly analyzes the research situation of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms screened and isolated from three main grain crops of rice,corn and wheat,and expounds the promoting effect of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms on the growth of various crops.It is proposed that further studies should be carried out on the screening of resistant strains,influencing factors of phosphate-solubilizing effect,population structure,the environment and efficiency of phosphate-solubilizing,and the genetic improvement of strains.It provides a reference for the future research direction of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and their application in agricultural production.
关键词
磷素/解磷微生物/解磷机理/生物磷肥/可持续农业Key words
phosphorus/phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms/phosphate-solubilizing mechanism/biological phosphate fertilizer/sustainable agriculture引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据