利用商丘市1961-2020年逐日地面最低温度、日平均气温和1978-2020年冬小麦生育期观测资料,采用统计分析和M-K检验方法,分析商丘市初、终霜日期变化特征及其与气温变化及冬小麦生育期的关系.结果表明:平均初霜日期以2.4 d/10a的倾向率显著推迟,平均终霜日期以2.1 d/10a的倾向率显著提前.初霜日期在2013年、终霜日期在1996年发生突变.平均初霜日期商丘东南部的较晚,西北部和中部的较早;平均终霜日期商丘东南部的较早,西北部和中部的较晚.平均初霜日期与9-11月平均气温呈显著正相关,9-11月平均气温每上升1℃,平均初霜日期推迟7.4 d;平均终霜日期与2-4月平均气温呈显著负相关,2-4月平均气温每上升1℃,平均终霜日期提前4.1 d.终霜日期与冬小麦拔节日期呈显著正相关,终霜日期出现在小麦拔节后的年份占72.1％,其中55.8％的年份集中在拔节后的0～15 d.
Relationship Between the First and Last Frost Dates and the Jointing Stage of Winter Wheat in Shangqiu,Henan Province
Based on the daily minimum surface temperature in Shangqiu City of Henan Province from 1961 to 2020 and the observation of winter wheat in the growth periods in 1978-2020,in this re-search statistical analysis and the M-K inspection methods are used to analyze the change characteristics of the first frost and last frost dates in Shangqiu as well as their relationship with air temperature and the growth period of winter wheat.The results indicate that the average first frost date shows a significantly delaying trend at the rate of 2.4 d/decade,and the average final frost date has a significantly advancing trend of 2.1 d/decade.The first frost date and the last frost date experiences mutations in 2013 and in 1996,respectively.The average first frost date is later in the southeast of Shangqiu but earlier in the northwest and central part,while the average final frost date is earlier in the southeast of Shangqiu but later in the northwest and central part.The average first frost date is positively correlated to the mean temperature from September to November,delayed by 7.4 d with the increase of 1 ℃ of the mean tem-perature in this period.However,the average last frost date is negatively correlated to the mean tempera-ture from February to April,4.1 d earlier for every 1 ℃ rise in the mean temperature.In addition,there is a significant positive correlation between the last frost date and the jointing date of winter wheat.The last frost date appears after the jointing date of winter wheat in 72.1％of the years,and in 0-15 days af-ter the wheat jointing in 55.8％of the years.
the first frost datethe last frost datewinter wheatgrowth period
万方数据
维普
