Spatio-temporal Changes and Impact Factors of Comprehensive Natural Disaster Risks in Shaanxi Province Based on Precipitation Data
This paper constructs a comprehensive risk index system for regional natural disasters by using the disaster data,socio-economic data from various cities of Shaanxi Province during 2010-2022,and the daily precipitation observation data from 95 national meteorological stations as well as the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),subjective and objective weighting methods.The spatio-temporal characteris-tics and impact factors of the comprehensive risk of natural disasters in Shaanxi Province is analyzed from the aspects of danger,vulnerability,exposure,and emergency response capabilities,etc.The results show that:(1)The risk of natural disasters in Shaanxi Province has slightly decreased,but it is signifi-cantly different in spatial distribution.The southern Shaanxi has a high level of danger,mainly affected by severe rainfall.But in recent years,the level of danger in central and northern Shaanxi has increased somewhat.(2)The vulnerability of natural disasters has decreased in Shaanxi Province,and it is still weak for agriculture to resist abnormal weather.The disaster situation is more serious in Ankang of south-ern Shaanxi,Yan'an of northern Shaanxi,and Weinan of the central Shaanxi plain,which indicates the insufficient agricultural disaster resistance.(3)The exposure to natural disasters has increased in Shaanxi Province.Due to the developed economy in central Shaanxi,a high level of risk exposure exists there.(4)The emergency response capability of Shaanxi Province has continued to improve,which is mainly because of the improvement in health care,communication networks,and urban infrastructure.(5)The comprehensive risk of natural disasters has significantly decreased in Shaanxi Province,but there are sig-nificant regional differences.The three cities in southern Shaanxi,Yan'an City in northern Shaanxi,Xi'an City in central Shaanxi,and Weinan City have higher comprehensive risk of natural disasters.The exposure of Xi'an City is high,while the three cities in southern Shaanxi have high risks.The emergency response capacity of Weinan and Yan'an need to be strengthened.
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