摘要
为探究不同沟埋还田模式对菠萝秸秆腐解特性的影响,共设置5种沟埋还田处理[①沟埋10 cm还田起垄覆膜(DRF10);②沟埋20 cm还田起垄覆膜(DRF20);③沟埋30 cm还田起垄覆膜(DRF30);④沟埋30 cm还田起垄(DR30);⑤沟埋30 cm还田平作(DC30)]来分析5种还田模式下菠萝秸秆腐解率,腐解速率,纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的释放率,土壤理化性质及酶活性.结果表明:菠萝秸秆腐解主要聚集在还田腐解前60 d,腐解率达到56％以上;在还田腐解15～30 d秸秆的腐解速率达到最高.DRF20处理在秸秆还田腐解15 d纤维素释放率和腐解率都显著高于其他处理,且在还田腐解30 d其木质素释放率和腐解率也最高.而DRF30处理腐解率,腐解速率及纤维素、半纤维素释放率都显著低于其他处理.还田腐解540 d后DRF30处理木质素释放率及腐解率都显著高于其他处理.DRF30处理土壤含水量、温度高于DR30和DC30处理.DRF30、DR30和DC30处理酶活性高于其他处理,但并不总显著.秸秆腐解率与纤维素、木质素释放率呈显著正相关,与磷酸酶呈显著负相关.综上所述,DRF20处理下菠萝秸秆前期腐解快,而DRF30处理则在菠萝秸秆中后期腐解快.
Abstract
Returning straw to soil in ditches can increase soil temperature,nutrients and organic matter content,change soil microbial community composition,and thus increase crop yield.However,this method has not been reported to use in returning pineapple plant residues to soil in the field.Five treatments for ditching and returning the pineapple plant residues to the soil in the field were designed:Ditching 10 cm deep,returning the plant residues into soil in the ditches,ridging and covering with film(DRF10);ditching 20 cm deep,returning the plant residues to the soil in the ditches,ridging and covering with film(DRF20);ditching 30 cm deep,returning the plant residues to the soil in the ditches,ridging and covering with film(DRF30);ditching 30 cm deep,returning the plant residues into the soil in the ditches and ridging(DR30);ditching 30 cm deep,returning the plant residues into the soil in the ditches and leveling(DL30).The decomposition characteristics of the pineapple plant residues buried in different ditches were observed and analyzed.The results showed that the decomposition of the pineapple plant residues mainly occurred in the first 60 days after they were returned to the soil,with a decomposition rate of more than 56％.The decomposition rate of the plant residues was the highest at 15-30 days after returning to the soil.In the DRF20 treatment,the cellulose release rate and decomposition rate were significantly higher at 15 days after returning to the field,and the lignin release rate and decomposition rate were also the highest after 30 days of returning to the soil.The decomposition and decomposition rate,release rate of cellulose and hemicellulose were significantly lower in the DRF30 treatment than in the other treatments.The lignin release rate and decomposition rate were significantly higher in the DRF30 treatment than the other treatments at 540 days after returning to the soil.Soil water content and temperature were higher in the DRF30 treatment than in the DR30 and DL30 treatments.The enzyme activities were higher in the DRF30,DR30 and DC30 treatments than in the other treatments,but not significantly.The decomposition rate of the pineapple plant residues was positively correlated with the release rate of cellulose and lignin and negatively correlated with phosphatase.In conclusion,the pineapple plant residues decomposed fast at the early stage in the DRF20 treatment but at the middle and late stages in the DRF30 treatment.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32260724)
海南省自然科学基金(323RC424)
海南省研究生创新科研项目(SA2200000806)
维普
万方数据