Genetic diversity of Plesiomyzon baotingensis,a rare and endangered fish in Hainan Province,and its conservation
Plesiomyzon baotingensis is endemic to Hainan province.Due to river pollution,overfishing,invasive species and habitat degradation,the wild population of P.baotingensis is quite small in Hainan Province.An attempt was made to estimate genetic diversity of P.baotingensis to provide experimental data of its germplasm resources.An analysis was made of 103 individuals including 5 geographic populations(Bacun,Yinggeling,Qiongzhong,Hongjuntan and Bengling).Partial sequences of Cytb gene(1 047 bp)were obtained from these individuals.Fifty-eight variable sites and 11 haplotypes were identified in the whole populations,respectively with relatively high haplotype diversity(h=0.815)and high nucleotide diversity(π=0.024 71).The analysis of molecular variance of the populations indicated that most of genetic variation(77.86%)came from between population.Fst value among five populations was 0.779(P<0.01),and the genetic distance between populations ranged from 0.000 3 to 0.046 4;the farthest genetic distance(0.046 4)of P.baotingensis was identified between Bacun and Hongjuntan populations,and the closest genetic distance(0.000 3)was found between Yinggeling and Qiongzhong populations.Fu's Fs neutral test showed that historical population expansion was observed in the Yinggeling population.Phylogenetic tree showed there were two lineages in the five P.baotingensis populations in Hainan.In order to better conserve the wild resources and genetic structure of P.baotingensis,two mitochondrial DNA lineages should be paid more attention to.The geographical population of P.baotingensis in Bengling was found to contain two lineages,and its haplotypes and endemic haplotypes were the largest in number among the five geographical populations.It is suggested to strengthen the conservation of P.baotingensis in the Bengling area.
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