城市三维形态空间分异格局对大气污染时空分布响应研究——以长沙市为例
Investigation of the Relationship Between Urban Three-Dimensional Landscape Patterns and the Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Atmospheric Pollution:A Case Study of Changsha
杨妍 1于成 2傅安洲 1孙字祥 1周楷淳1
作者信息
- 1. 湖南师范大学 地理科学学院,中国 长沙 410081;湖南师范大学 地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,中国 长沙 410081
- 2. 湖南省第三测绘院,中国 长沙 410007;湖南省地理空间信息工程技术研究中心,中国 长沙 410007;地理信息安全与应用湖南省工程研究中心,中国 长沙 410007
- 折叠
摘要
城市化过程通常伴随着高层建筑和立体城市布局的发展,城市区域逐渐从"二维结构"转变为"三维结构".尽管这种三维城市结构创造了巨大的发展机遇,也带来了许多负面影响.密集的建筑群影响了局部区域的空气流通,使得空气污染成为了一个典型的城市问题.本研究以 2020 年长沙市主城区的三维建筑物数据和PM2.5监测数据为基础,运用城市三维形态指标分析、随机森林模型、空间自相关分析以及多尺度地理加权回归等方法,分析了长沙市主城区三维景观格局与PM2.5浓度的时空分布格局,并进一步探讨了三维景观格局对PM2.5浓度分布的驱动差异.研究结果显示:1)研究区域内的三维景观类型多样,展现出一定的空间格局异质性;2)研究区域内PM2.5浓度呈现出显著的空间自相关性,但夏、冬两季差异明显;3)三维景观指数在 一定程度上驱动了PM2.5浓度的时空异质性,其中建筑数量和建筑高度标准差具有较强的正向驱动作用.
Abstract
The process of urbanization is usually accompanied by the development of high-rise buildings and three-dimensional urban layouts,transforming urban areas from a"two-dimensional structure"to a"three-dimen-sional structure."The three-dimensional urban structure not only creates great development opportunities,but also inevitably brings many negative effects.Dense buildings have significantly affected the air flow in local areas,mak-ing air pollution a typical urban problem.Based on the three-dimensional building data and the PM2.5 monitoring da-ta in the main urban area of Changsha in 2020,this study analyzed the three-dimensional landscape pattern and the spatial-temporal distribution pattern of PM2.5 concentration in the main urban area of Changsha using methods inclu-ding the urban three-dimensional morphological index analysis,stochastic forest model,spatial autocorrelation anal-ysis and multi-scale geographically weighted regression.Further,the influence mechanism of urban three-dimensional landscape pattern on the distribution of PM2.5 concentration was explored.The results show as follows.1)There are various types of three-dimensional landscapes in the main urban area,showing certain spatial pattern heter-ogeneity.2)The concentration of PM2.5 in the main urban area shows a significant spatial autocorrelation,but there are obvious differences between summer and winter.3)In the studied area,the three-dimensional landscape index significantly drives the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of PM2.5 concentration,especially the number of buildings and the standard deviation of building height,which have a strong positive driving effect on the PM2.5 concentration.
关键词
三维景观格局/PM2.5浓度/空间自相关/多尺度地理加权回归Key words
three-dimensional landscape pattern/PM2.5 concentration/spatial autocorrelation/multi-scale geographically weighted regression引用本文复制引用
基金项目
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22C0018)
湖南省自然资源科技项目(2021-42)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据