Determination of Avermectin and Ivermectin in Water and Sediment Using Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry
For the determination of avermectin and ivermectin in water and sediment from the aquaculture en-vironment,an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)method was proposed.The water samples were concentrated and purified using HLB solid phase extraction columns.Based on the QuEChERS technique,the sediment samples were cleaned up with 0.2 vol.%ammonia-acetonitrile as the extractant and C18 and primary secondary amine(PSA)as sorbents.Under the optimal conditions,the separation of compounds was carried out on a Phenomenex Kinetex C18 column(100 mm×2.1 mm,particle size of 2.6 μm)using gradient elution with 5 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase.The compounds were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS with ESI+source under MRM modes.The quantitative analysis was performed by an external standard approach.The compounds of avermectin and ivermectin could be examined within 7.5 min.Under the optimal conditions,the calibration curves were linear in the range of 1～100 μg·L-1.The recoveries spiked in blank water samples at four levels(0.05,0.5,2.5,and 5.0 μg·L-1)were in the range of 71.6%～88.2%,with the relative standard deviation(RSD,n=6)being 1.51%～8.81%.The limit of detection(LOD)was 0.02 μg·L-1 and the limit of quantification(LOQ)was 0.05 μg·L-1.The recoveries spiked in blank sediment sam-ples at four levels(1.0,10.0,50.0,100.0 ng·g-1)were in the range of 75.3%～96.4%,with the RSD(n=6)being 3.45%～8.99%.The LOD was 0.3 ng·g-1 and the LOQ was 1.0 ng·g-1.The developed approach is sensitive and accurate,suitable for determining avermectin and ivermectin in water and sediment from the aquaculture envi-ronment.
ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)avermectinivermectinwatersedimentaquaculture environment
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