摘要
为了量化公园绿地的降温效应、探究关键因子对实现降温效益最大化的影响程度,以太原市38个公园数据为样本,选取降温面积、降温效率、降温强度和降温梯度4个指标,利用公园周长、面积、形状、植被覆盖率、水体面积占比和环境路网等数据,多角度探究了公园绿地对城市热岛的降温效应.研究结果表明:(1)研究区内公园区与地表温度(Land Surface Temperature,LST)冷点区的空间重叠率在60.82％～66.90％之间波动;(2)太原市公园的降温范围为50～300 m,平均降温范围为152 m;(3)公园周长、面积、水体面积占比与公园降温面积均呈显著正相关,植被覆盖率与公园降温面积呈显著负相关,公园周长与公园降温效率呈显著负相关;(4)聚类分析表明城市公园可划分为以降温面积为主、以降温效率为主、以降温综合为主、以降温强度和降温梯度为主4类,以降温综合为主、以降温强度和降温梯度为主的公园数占研究区城市公园总数的89.5％.
Abstract
In order to quantify the cooling effect of park green space and explore the degree of influence of key fac-tors on the maximum cooling benefit,four indexes including park cooling area,park cooling efficiency,park coo-ling intensity and park cooling gradient were used to explore the cooling effect of park green space on urban heat is-land from multiple perspectives based on the data of perimeter,area,shape,vegetation coverage and vegetation coverage of 38 parks in Taiyuan.The results show that: (1) the spatial overlap rate between the park area and Land Surface Temperature(LST) cold spot area fluctuates between 60.82％ and 66.90％ in the study area.(2) The cooling range of the park in Taiyuan city is between 50 and 300 m,and the average cooling range is 152 m.(3) There was a significant positive correlation between the circumference,area and water area ratio of the park and park cooling area,and a significant negative correlation between vegetation coverage and park cooling area.There was a significant negative correlation between park circumference and park cooling efficiency.(4) Cluster analysis shows that urban parks can be divided into four types of urban parks,namely,dominated by cooling area,domina-ted by cooling efficiency,dominated by cooling synthesis,and dominated by cooling intensity and gradient.The to-tal number of these parks that their types are dominated by cooling synthesis and dominated by cooling intensity and gradient accounted for 89.5％ of the total number of city parks selected in the study area.
基金项目
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2024A1515010558)
广州市科技计划项目(202201010099)
万方数据