华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)2024,Vol.56Issue(4) :47-53.DOI:10.6054/j.jscnun.2024049

一种轻质隔热碳基复合材料的制备

Preparation of a Lightweight Heat-Insulating Carbon Matrix Composite Material

张棽棽 徐冬 赵奇志 焦玄 李彪 王克军
华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)2024,Vol.56Issue(4) :47-53.DOI:10.6054/j.jscnun.2024049

一种轻质隔热碳基复合材料的制备

Preparation of a Lightweight Heat-Insulating Carbon Matrix Composite Material

张棽棽 1徐冬 1赵奇志 1焦玄 1李彪 1王克军1
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作者信息

  • 1. 国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室,北京 102206
  • 折叠

摘要

高马赫数飞行器的迅猛发展对热防护系统提出了严苛挑战,对隔热材料的耐高温、抗冲击、轻质化及稳定性等要求愈发严格.以甲醛、间苯二酚为主要原料,煤基碳泡沫为增强体,结合溶胶、凝胶原位生长、超临界二氧化碳干燥技术和高温热处理工艺,制得具备优异隔热性能的煤基碳泡沫复合炭气凝胶材料,系统研究了 4型碳气凝胶对复合材料热学性能的影响,探讨了隔热机制.结果表明:碳气凝胶填充了煤基碳泡沫的孔结构,使复合材料在保持低密度(0.38 g/cm3)的同时,展现出了显著的低热导率特性(0.077 8 W/(m·K)),隔热性能较碳泡沫增强体材料提升50%,可作为一种良好的隔热材料.

Abstract

With the rapid advancements in high Mach number aircraft technology,the demand for enhanced ther-mal protective capabilities of insulation materials has become increasingly stringent.Specifically,the performance requirements of these materials,such as high temperature resistance,impact resilience,lightweight properties,and stability,have become more rigorous.A carbon foam-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material with outstanding thermal insulation performance was successfully prepared,using resorcinol and formaldehyde as raw materials.The fabrication process involved sol-gel in-situ growth,supercritical drying carbon dioxide technology and carboniza-tion.An advanced composite material comprising carbon aerogel,exhibiting remarkable thermal insulation proper-ties,has been developed.This material offers significant potential for applications in thermal management and insu-lation-demanding technologies.The effect of carbon aerogel on the thermal properties of composite material was studied.The results indicate that the pores of the coal-derived carbon foam are filled with carbon aerogel,and the introduction of carbon aerogel makes the composite have a lower thermal conductivity(0.078 W/(m·K))at low density(0.38 g/cm3),and the thermal properties has seen a 50%enhancement compared to the base carbon foam material,which can be used as a good thermal insulation material.

关键词

煤基碳泡沫/碳气凝胶/复合材料/隔热性能

Key words

coal-based carbon foam/carbon aerogel/composite materials/insulation properties

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基金项目

国家自然科学基金项目(52303357)

出版年

2024
华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)
华南师范大学

华南师范大学学报(自然科学版)

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.413
ISSN:1000-5463
参考文献量17
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