为了解尼洋河流域生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem Service Value,ESV)的时空变化及其驱动因素,基于1990、2000、2010、2020年4期遥感影像数据,采用生态系统服务价值变化动态度、ESV当量因子估算、地理探测器,深入分析了尼洋河流域近30年的土地利用和ESV变化及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)1990-2020年,尼洋河流域的耕地和建设用地增至原来的2倍,草地波动增加,其他用地减少.草地、未利用地和林地始终是尼洋河流域的主要土地利用类型.(2)尼洋河流域的ESV呈现"东高西低"的分布格局,1990、2000、2010、2020年的ESV分别为432.955、432.955、391.650、390.438亿元,呈现"稳定—减少—稳中有降"的变化趋势.(3)2020年,二级服务类型的价值由高到底依次为:水文调节服务(63.796亿元)、维持生物多样性服务(60.697亿元)、保持土壤服务(56.921亿元)、气候调节服务(50.772亿元)、气体调节服务(50.104亿元)、废物处理服务(42.129亿元)、提供美学景观服务(30.771亿元)、原材料生产服务(27.148亿元)、食物生产服务(8.099亿元);1990-2020年,除了食物生产服务价值持续增加外,其他各类服务价值都持续下降.(4)到干流距离、海拔对ESV变化影响的解释力均在10％以上,是导致流域ESV变化的主要原因;年平均气温、固定资产投资、城镇化率和年降水量对ESV变化的解释力较低,是导致流域ESV变化的次要因素.文章研究证明了人口增加和城镇化进程引起尼洋河流域的土地利用变化,间接影响生态系统服务价值变化;随着生态安全屏障保护与建设在西藏自治区的积极推进,尼洋河流域生态系统服务价值减少的态势得以遏制.
Spatial-temporal Change and Drivers of Ecosystem Service Value in the Niyang River Basin of Tibet Based on Land Use
To understand the temporal and spatial changes of ecosystem service value(ESV)and their drivers in the Niyang River Basin,based on remote sensing data in 1990,2000,2010 and 2020,the spatial information of land use change in 30 m grid was obtained.The spatial-temporal changes in land use and ESV and its driving forces in the Niyang River basin in recent 30 years were analyzed with dynamic degree,equivalent factor approach and geodetector.The results showed that:(1)From 1990 to 2020,the area of construction land and cropland in-creased to twice their original size,the area of grassland increased irregularly,while the area of the other land de-creased.The three main types of land use in the Niyang River basin are grassland,unused land and forest.(2)ESV was higher in the eastern area than that in the western area,the ESV of the Niyang River Basin in 1990,2000,2010,and 2020 was RMB 43 295.5 million,RMB 43 295.5 million,RMB 39 043.8 million,and RMB 39 043.8 million,respectively,the change of ESV first underwent a stability phase,subsequently shifting to a de-cline phase,and finally reaching a slight decline phase.(3)In 2020,a list in the descending order of the ESV as follows:water regulation(RMB 6 379.6 million),biodiversity(RMB 6 069.7 million),soil conservation(RMB 5 692.1 million),climate regulation(RMB 5 077.2 million),gas regulation(RMB 5 014.0 million),disturbance regulation(RMB 4 212.9 million),esthetical scenery(RMB 3 077.1 million),raw material(RMB 2 714.8 mi-llion),food production(RMB 809.9 million);From 1990 to 2020,food production service value continued to im-prove,while the value of all other types of second service diminished.(4)Distance from the main stream and ele-vation contribute to the change of ESV is above 10％,which is the main reason for the change.Annual average tem-perature,fixed assets investment,urbanization rate and annual precipitation are secondary factors.Population in-crease and urbanization have caused land-use changes in the Niyang River Basin,indirectly affecting changes in the value of ecosystem services.With the active promotion of the protection and construction of the ecological security in the Tibet Autonomous Region,the decline in the ecosystem service value of the Niyang River Basin has been curbed.
land useecosystem service value(ESV)driving forcesGeodetectorNiyang River Basin
万方数据
维普
