The reform of rural collective property rights transcends mere systemic adjustments;it's a crucial catalyst for county-level economic growth.This study leverages the latest round of these reforms as a quasi-natural experiment,analyzing their impact on economic growth in 1,911 counties from 2010 to 2019.The research delves into the underlying mechanisms and varying effects of this impact.Results show a substantial enhancement in counties'economic development due to these reforms.Specifically,they boost economic growth by elevating production efficiency,encouraging industrial concentration,and attracting capital.Nota-bly,in eastern regions and more marketized counties,the economic boost from these reforms is more evident.To maximize the po-tential of rural collective economies,increasing the reforms'inclusiveness and adaptability is recommended.Such measures will en-ergize rural collective economic organizations,contributing to superior economic growth at the county level.