The Construction of Neo-Confucianism and Moral Practice from the Perspective of Cultural Crisis——On Zhu Xi's Ontologization,Ethicization,and Practicalization of"Li"(理)
Zhu Xi,who synthesized the Neo-Confucian philosophy in the Song Dynasty,constructed a vast system of Neo-Confucianism under the background of cultural anxiety and crisis.Through the ontological construction of"li"(理),the integration of"li"and"de"(德),the unity of"li"and governance,and the investigation of things to extend knowledge based on"li",he elucidated the evolution and manifestation of"li"in the physical and ethical worlds.From the four dimensions of moral ontology,moral principles,moral construction,and moral cultivation,he ontologized,ethicized,and practiced"li",establishing a systematic,rational,and legitimate ethical and moral value system of"li"that encompassed the physical and ethical worlds.This system became a way of life guiding people in traditional social practice,promoting the inheritance,development,and innovation of traditional Chinese culture,and exerting far-reaching influence on the cultural development and life practices of later generations.
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