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论鲁迅小说的背叛叙事

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"背叛",是鲁迅小说的一种叙事策略,亦是读者进入鲁迅小说世界的渠道之一.鲁迅小说的背叛叙事主要有四种类型:其一,"农夫与蛇"类,即小说中的背叛者和被背叛者的关系,类似于蛇与农夫的关系;其二,"终于活成了自己讨厌的样子"类,即背叛者和被背叛者都是人物自己,背叛叙事表现为人物对自己理想的背弃;其三,"梦醒之后无路可走"类,即背叛者和被背叛者之间,同时也是启蒙者和被启蒙者的关系,启蒙者唤醒了被启蒙者之后,自己却陷入无路可走的境地;其四,其他模式.在结构上,"背叛"是动力性要素,打破了原有的平衡,推动小说叙事的前进;在主旨上,背叛叙事是鲁迅小说反思启蒙的重要方式,表达了鲁迅对"唤醒世界之难"和进化论的反思,以及对启蒙者与民众关系的思考.
A Study on the Betrayal Narrative in Lu Xun's Novels
"Betrayal"is a narrative strategy in Lu Xun's novels and one of the channels for readers to enter the world of Lu Xun's novels.The betrayal narrative in Lu Xun's novels mainly has four types:the first is the story of"the farmer and the snake",in which the relationship between the betrayer and the betrayed is similar to that of the snake and the farmer;the second is"finally becoming the person I hate",in which both the betrayer and the betrayed are characters themselves,and the betrayal narrative expresses the betrayal of the characters'own ideals;the third is"no way out after waking up from a dream",in which the betrayer and the betrayed are also the enlightener and the enlightened,and the enlightener awakens the enlightened and then finds himself in a situation with no way out;the fourth consists of other modes.Structurally,"betrayal"is a dynamic element that breaks the existing balance and drives the novel's narrative forward.In terms of theme,betrayal narrative is one of the important ways for Lu Xun's novels to reflect on enlightenment,expressing the difficulty of"awakening the world",his reflections on evolutionary theory,and his thoughts on the relationship between the enlightener and the masses.

Lu Xun's novelsbetrayal narrativestructureenlightenment

叶奕翔

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广东警官学院基础部/警察文化研究中心,广东 广州 510230

鲁迅小说 背叛叙事 结构 启蒙

2025

武陵学刊
湖南文理学院

武陵学刊

影响因子:0.345
ISSN:1674-9014
年,卷(期):2025.50(1)