Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xuchang city,Henan province from 2019 to 2022
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Xuchang city,Henan province,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the surveillance data extracted from China Information System for Disease control and Prevention of HFMD in Xuchang city and laboratory testing data from Xuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2019 to 2022.Results A total of 7 714 cases of HFMD were reported,with an average annual incidence of 43.74/105;and 91 severe cases(1.18％)were reported in total,with 0 death cases reported.The incidence and the proportion of severe cases in different years were statistically significant(for incidence rate,x2=1 126.645,P＜0.05;for the proportion of incidence rate,x2=23.056,P＜0.05),and both showed a downward trend year by year(x2trend=947.916,P＜0.05).All the 9 counties/districts had HFMD cases reported.The top three counties/districts with the highest average annual incidence of HFMD were Dongcheng district(124.21/105),Yuzhou city(56.62/105)and Yanling county(44.40/105).The incidence of HFMD showed a single peak pattern in 2020,while the incidence showed a double peak pattern in 2019,2021-2022.Of the total cases,4 347 were male(48.20/105),and 3 367 were fe-male(39.07/105).Most cases were 5 years old and below,accounting for 7 400(95.93％),with the highest incidence in the 1-＜2-year-old age groups(1 165.12/105);the majority of the cases were living-scattered children(64.80％).A total of 822 samples were tested,of which 640 were positive(77.86％).There were statistically significant difference in the composition of pathogens among different years and the composition of pathogens in mild and severe cases(x2=85.256,63.459 and 44.139,re-spectively,all P＜0.05).The proportion of cases with EV71 continued to decline,and CA16 and other enteroviruses alternately became the dominant pathogen in mild cases,while other enteroviruses were absolutely dominant in severe cases,especially CA6.Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Xuchang city shows a downward trend,and its prevalence has obvious regional,temporal,and demographic characteristics;and the dominant pathogens have changed in recent years.Comprehensive prevention and control measures such as universal vaccination,strengthened monitoring and early warning,pathogen typing,and health edu-cation should be continued to prevent HFMD.
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万方数据
