Epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Xuchang city of Henan from 1964 to 2022
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Xuchang city,and provide reference for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methodology was adopted to analyze the epidemic data of brucellosis in the annual report and China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention in Xuchang city from 1964 to 2022.Excel 2013 and SPSS 27.0 were used to analyze the data.Results Brucellosis cases occurred in the nine counties(cities and districts)under the jurisdiction of Xuchang city,and a total of 1 450 brucellosis cases were reported,with an average annual incidence of 0.66/105,and the annual incidence rate fluctuated from 0.00/105 to 6.87/105.Incidence rate was on the rise from 2006 to 2022(x2趋势=1 568.424,P＜0.05).Among the reported cases,1 049 were male(2.78/105),and 386 were female(1.09/105),with a statistically significant difference in incidence rate between males and females(y2=306.319,P＜0.05).The cases were mainly 30-＜70years old,with 1 182 cases reported(82.37％),and the incidence rate was highest in the 60-＜70 age group(5.31/105),with a statistically significant difference in incidence rate by different age groups(x2=988.686,P＜0.05).The occupational distribution was diversified,with farmers as the main group,having 1 213 cases reported(84.53％).The incidence peak occurred from April to July,accounting for 47.86％.The top three counties/districts with the highest incidence rates were Dongcheng district(1.00/105),Yuzhou city(0.82/105)and Xiangcheng county(0.59/105),and the incidence rate in different regions was statistically significant(x2=98.000,P＜0.05).The disease control institutions reported 986 cases(68.71％).The number of locally reported diagnostic cases was 1 080(75.26％).The time interval from onset to diagnosis has decreased from 142.00 days to 25.89 days.Conclusions The incidence of human brucellosis in Xuchang city showed an increasing trend from 2006 to 2022,reaching the highest level in history in 2022;and the ability to detect local cases was gradually improving.The joint prevention and control mechanism between health and animal husbandry departments should be strengthened,and prevention and control efforts should be increased.
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