目的 分析工业园区作业工人认知功能现状,阐明在不同认知功能水平下,相关因素对作业工人认知功能的影响.方法 2022年3-7月采用整群抽样方法在宁夏回族自治区某工业园区抽取18～60岁的作业工人进行问卷调查和体格检查,运用简易智力状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评估作业工人的认知功能.非参数检验比较不同特征下作业工人认知功能得分差异,运用分位数回归模型分析作业工人认知功能在不同分位数上的影响因素.结果 1 785名作业工人认知功能评分的M(P25,P75)为16.00(14.00,17.50)分.文化程度在5％、25％、50％、75％、95％分位点的回归系数(β)分别为0.449、0.412、0.288、0.231、0.361(P均＜0.05).50％分位数回归显示,年龄、文化程度、是否有夜班、体育锻炼、阅读书报存在统计学意义,高龄(β=0.055,P＜0.05)、有夜班(β=0.359,P＜0.05)是作业工人认知功能的危险因素;较高的文化程度(β=0.288,P＜0.05)、经常锻炼(β=0.342,P＜0.05)、良好的阅读习惯(β偶尔=0.348,P＜0.05;β经常=0.775,P均＜0.05)是作业工人认知功能的保护因素.结论 不同影响因素在作业工人认知功能的不同分位数水平,其作用模式是不同的,多数自变量的显著性或回归系数大小发生改变,应采取个体化的预防策略促进作业工人健康、提高职业生命质量.
Analysis of influencing factors of cognitive function among workers based on quantile regression
Objective To analyze the status of cognitive function and evaluate the effects of relevant factors on the cognitive func-tion of workers in industrial parks.Methods The workers aged 18-60 year in an industrial park in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Re-gion were selected using cluster-sampling method for questionnaire survey and physical examination from March-July,2022,and the cognitive function was tested by the mini-mental state examination(MMSE).Non-parametric test was used to compare differ-ences of the cognitive function,and quantile regression model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors.Results The me-dian score of cognitive function among 1 785 workers was 16.00(14.00,17.50).The regression coefficients of education level in 5％,25％,50％,75％and 95％quantile were 0.449,0.412,0.288,0.231,0.361(all P＜0.05).The results at 50％quantile showed that there were statistical differences in age,education level,night shift,physical exercise,and reading books and newspapers.Old age(β=0.055,P＜0.05)and night shift(β=0.359,P＜0.05)were risk factors,and higher education(β=0.288,P＜0.05),regular exer-cise(β=0.342,P＜0.05)and good reading habit(βoccasoonally=0.348,βoccasoonally=0.775)were protective factors of cognitive function.Conclu-sions Different influencing factors have different modes of action at different quantile levels of cognitive function,and the signifi-cance or the size of the regression coefficient for most independent variables is changed.Therefore,individualized prevention strategies should be taken to improve health and the quality of work life.
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