Epidemic characteristics and management of 91 861 individuals exposed to rabies in Pingdingshan of Henan,2013-2022
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and management of the individuals exposed to rabies in Pingdingshan,and provide a scientific basis for control of rabies.Methods Medical data of exposed people in the canine injury outpatient department of Pingdingshan CDC from 2013 to 2022 were collected;a descriptive analysis was conducted including the type of animal having people exposed to rabies,animal vaccination,exposure level,exposure site,exposure time,and post-expo-sure vaccination status.Results A total of 91 861 people with rabies exposure were treated from 2013 to 2022,and the number of people exposed to rabies was increasing year by year.The ratio of male to female was 1.16∶1.The exposed people aged 0-＜15 years had highest proportion,accounting for 33.26％of the total,and 41.96％of people were exposed from May to Augus.Of the total exposures,46.60％occurred in upper limbs.Of the injury animals,dogs and cats accounted for 59.60％and 39.01％,respec-tively.Dog injury showed a decreasing trend year by year(x2 trend=1 486.077,P＜0.05),the proportion of cat injuries increased from 30.09％in 2013 to 48.12％in 2022,showing an increasing trend year by year(x2 trend=1579.405,P＜0.05).Dogs had a vaccination rate of 65.03％,and cats had a vaccination rate of 45.31％.The 48-hour visit rate showed an increasing trend year by year,from 90.32％in 2013 to 98.45％in 2022(x2 trend=1 262.972,P＜0.05).The percentage of exposed people having the injuries cleaned by themselves showed an increasing trend year by year,from 48.05％in 2013 to 68.57％in 2022(x2 trend=1 579.405,P＜0.05).The vac-cination rate of HRIG decreased from 19.98％in 2013 to 11.08％in 2022,showing a downward trend(x2 trend=263.430,P＜0.05).Conclusions The risk of rabies in Pingdingshan residents is showing an increasing trend year by year.Although the awareness of the protection of rabies in the residents has increased,the knowledge of rabies disease prevention is still lacking.The health ed-ucation of rabies prevention knowledge should be strengthened,and the focus is to increase the risk awareness of guardians of children under 15 years old.The management of animals should be strengthened,and the vaccination rate of animals should be increased.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
