Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Zhengzhou from 2011 to 2022
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Zhengzhou so as to provide scientific evidence for AIDS prevention and control.Methods The data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Zhengzhou from 2011 to 2022 were collected through the AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System,China Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the characteristics of epidemiological profile including demographic information,regional distri-bution,transmission route,detection and detection route,infection time and late detection were descriptively analyzed.Results There were 5 812 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Zhengzhou from 2011 to 2022,with a cumulative incidence of 4.8/100 000.From 2011 to 2022,the newly reported HIV/AIDS incidence in Zhengzhou showed a downward trend(Z=-2.566,P＜0.05).Of the cases,5 021 were male,and 791 were female,with a male to female ratio of 6.35:1.Majority of the cases were in the age group of 25-＜50 years,accounting for 56.90％,married with spouse,accounting for 43.08％,and had the education level with college degree or above,accounting for 36.72％.The top three occupational groups for the cases were farmers,household chores and unemployed,and commercial services,accounting for 68.79％.Jinshui district had the highest cumulative reported cases in Zhengzhou city,accounting for 14.73％.The cases with sexual transmission accounted for 96.04％.Testing consultation was the main way for case detection,accounting for 52.56％.Of the cases,46.78％were infected more than 5 years at the time of diagnosis,and 36.22％were detected late.The late detection rate of cases showed a downward trend(Z=-2.864,P＜0.05).Conclusions The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Zhengzhou city showed a rapid upward trend from 2014,but downward trend appeared in 2020.The cases were mainly young and middle-aged married men;sexual transmission was the main route of transmission;testing consultation was the main way for case finding.There were cases of late detection,but the rate of late detection showed a downward trend.
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