摘要
目的 了解郑州市二七区婚检人群及孕产妇艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝(简称"三病")血清学检测及阳性率变化情况,为评价预防三病母婴传播工作效果提供依据.方法 使用中国预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播管理信息系统,收集二七区2018-2022年婚检人群及孕产妇三病检测情况和感染率变化情况.结果 参加婚前检测艾滋病共25 016人,阳性7人,阳性率0.03％,其中女性为0.01％(1/12 635).接受初次孕期保健的孕妇80 105人,三病检测率为100.00％,艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝阳性率分别为0.06％、0.51％和2.97％,2018-2022年呈下降趋势(x2趋势值分别为4.863、56.259和39.846,P均＜0.05).住院分娩产妇数90 606人,三病检测率为100.00％(孕期为99.09％),艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝阳性率分别为0.20％、0.12％和3.87％,不同年份艾滋病感染率呈下降趋势(x2趋势=7.729,P＜0.05),乙肝呈上升趋势(x2趋势=5.926,P＜0.05).结论 孕产妇艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝检测率高,感染率处于低水平,但孕早期检测率还需提高.
Abstract
Objective To understand the serological testing status and changes in positivity rates for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)among the premarital medical examination population and HIV,syphilis and hepatitis B virus(HBV)(short for three diseases below)among the pregnant and delivery women in Erqi district of Zhengzhou city,so as to provide the evidence for evaluating the effectiveness of preventing mother-to-child transmission of the three diseases.Methods Chinese Management Information System for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV,Syphilis,and Hepatitis B,was used to collect the data on the testing status and change of infection rates for the three diseases among premarital examination population,pregnant and delivery women in Erqi district from 2018 to 2022.Results In total,25 016 persons received the premarital HIV testing,and seven of them were positive,with the positive rates of 0.03％for the entire population and 0.01％(1/12 635)for women.In total,80 105 pregnant women received primary prenatal care services,with the testing rates of 100.00％for the three diseases,and the positive rates of 0.06％,0.51％and 2.97％for HIV,syphilis and HBV,respectively,which showed a declining trends from 2018 to 2022(x2trend values were 4.863,56.259 and 39.846,respectively;all P values＜0.05).There were 90 606 hospitalized delivery women,with the testing rates of 100.00％for the three diseases(99.09％tested during pregnancy)and the positive rates of 0.20％,0.12％and 3.87％for HIV,syphilis and HBV,respectively.The positive rate of HIV had a declining trend by year(x2trend=7.729,P＜0.05),and the positive rate of HBV had an increasing trend(x2trend=5.926,P＜0.05).Conclusions The testing rates of HIV,syphilis and HBV among pregnant and delivery women were high,and the positive rates were low,but the testing rates in first trimester should continue to be increased.
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