Investigation of the current status of occupational hazards caused by organic solvents in 73 enterprises in Kaifeng,Henan in 2022
Objective To understand the current status of occupational hazards caused by organic solvents in enterprises in Kaifeng,so as to provide the evidence for taking occupational disease prevention and control measures.Methods From July-November,2022,73 enterprises using organic solvents in Kaifeng city were randomly selected to conduct on-site investigation and testing of occupational disease hazards in the workplace.Results The detection rates of Xylene,Ethylbenzene,1,2-Dichloroethane,Toluene,Trichloroethylene,n-Hexane and Benzene were 93.15％,84.93％,76.71％,69.86％,56.16％,21.92％and 4.11％,respectively.Chloroform was not detected.There were significant differences in the detection rates of 1,2-Dichloroethane,Toluene,Ethylbenzene and Xylene among different industries(all P＜0.05),the detection rates of them were relatively high in the furniture manufacturing industry,which were 86.21％,86.21％,96.55％and 100.00％,respectively.The detection rates of Toluene were significantly different among the enterprises of different sizes(P＜0.05),and they were relatively high for small and micro enterprises,which were 78.57％and 66.67％,respectively.The detection rates of Xylene,Ethylbenzene,1,2-Dimethylbenzene,Toluene,Trichloroethylene,n-Hexane and Benzene in 1 143 air samples from workplace were 73.32％,55.12％,53.54％,34.12％,19.95％,5.34％and 1.22％,respectively.The over-standard rates of 1,2-Dichloroethane and Xylene were 10.24％and 2.71％for working place,and 5.56％and 0.68％for working position,respectively.There were significant differences in the over-standard rates of 2-Dichloroethane among working places and the over-standard rates of Xylene among working positions(all P＜0.05).Conclusions There are various types of occupational hazards resulted from the organic solvents used by enterprises in Kaifeng city,and the detection rates of hazards in small and micro enterprises and samples are relatively high;the over-standard rates of 1,2-Dichloroethane and xylene at working places and positions are relatively high;the furniture manufacturing industry has a high rate of exceeding the standard for 1,2-Dichloroethane.
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