Epidemiological characteristics and trends of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Jiaozuo city,Henan province,2013 to 2022
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)in Jiaozuo from 2013 to 2022 so as to provide a scientific evidence for prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Data on HFMD cases were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2013 to 2022,and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 38 772 cases of HFMD were reported,with an average annual incidence of 109.35 cases per 100 000 people.There were 747 severe cases(1.93％)and five death,with a fatality rate of 0.01％.A decreasing trend of HFMD incidence and severe cases were observed after 2016(x2trend=4 422.00,2 472.00,both P＜0.05).HFMD incidence peaked between April-July,with a male to female ratio of 1.39:1.The average annual incidence rate was higher in males(123.98/100 000)than in females(93.70/100 000)(x2=218.00,P＜0.05).Most cases(24 761,63.86％)occurred among scattered-living children.The majority of cases occurred in children under 5 years of age(93.57％).The average annual incidence rate showed a decreasing trend with age among children 5 and older(x2trend=2 072.00,P＜0.05).The top three regions with high annual incidence rates were Boai county(177.95/100 000),Jiefang district(174.81/100 000)and Macun district(165.61/100 000).Pathogen surveillance showed that the predominant pathogen was changed from EV-A71 to other enteroviruses.The proportion of EV-A71 decreased from 47.06％in 2013 to 0.70％in 2022;the proportion of other enteroviruses increased from 34.64％in 2013 to 42.16％in 2022;the proportion of CV-A16 increased from 18.30％in 2013 to 57.14％in 2022(x2trend=90.00,1 765.00,868.00,all P＜0.05).Conclusions HFMD in Jiaozuo city exhibit distinct seasonal,regional and demographic patterns.Enhanced prevention and control measures should be targeted on children under 5 years old and key regions.Continuous monitoring of etiological changes of HFMD is necessary.
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