Epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis and the infection status of human and dog in Zhengzhou City,2020-2022
Objective To understand the distribution of visceral leishmaniasis cases in Zhengzhou City,assess the infection status among the population and dogs in the epidemic area,and evaluate the density of vector sandflies,providing a scientific basis for prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on investigation data of visceral leishmania cases in Zhengzhou City from 2020 to 2022.Based on the case as a clue,epidemic point investigations and disposals were conducted of in 12 natural villages with local cases.Venous blood samples were collected from high-risk populations and dogs for leishmania antibodies detection using rk39 immunochromatographic test strips.Sand-fly density was investigated using light trap method during the propagation season from May to September.Results From 2020 to 2022,23 cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported in Zhengzhou,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.23/105.Cases were primarily distributed across 12 townships in 5 cities(districts).There was no significant seasonal peak.The median age was 39.7 years,with the youngest case at 1 year and the oldest at 72.The leishmania antibody positive rate in key populations was 0.26％(3/1 170),and in dogs,it was 29.86％(284/951).A statistically significant difference was observed in the positive rate of leishmania antibodies among dogs in the five cities(districts)(x2=37.458,P＜0.05),indicating a varied infection prevalence that may be associated with regional factors.A total of 3 497 Chinese sandflies were captured,with an average density of 4.2 sandflies per night.Among the sandflies captured,3 084 were females,accounting for 88.2％.The average density of Chinese sandflies did not show statistically significant difference across different regions(H=7.513,P＞0.05),suggesting a relatively uniform distribution of the vector.However,the distribution differences of sandflies in different regions and habitats were found to be statistically significance(x2=502.433,P＜0.01).Conclusions The transmission risk of visceral leishmaniasis in Zhengzhou City is relatively high.Strengthening monitoring,actively investigating and euthanizing diseased dogs,and implementing strict sand-fly control measures are recommended to prevent further spread of the disease.
Visceral leishmaniasisEpidemiological investigationDogsSandfliesZhengzhou City
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
