Hospital surveillance analysis of birth defects in Jinghu District of Wuhu City from 2018 to 2023
Objective To analyze the occurrence and distribution of birth defects in monitoring hospitals in Jinghu District,Wuhu City,Anhui Province and to inform maternal and child health care strategies and reduce the incidence of birth defects.Methods Data on birth defect cases and perinatal reports from three provincial monitoring hospitals in Jinghu District between 2018 and 2023 were collected.The prevalence,ranking and characteristics of perinatal birth defects were analyzed.Results Over the study period,a total of 44 884 perinatal infants were monitored,with 1 437 cases of birth defects were reported.The average annual incidence rate of perinatal birth defects was 320.16 per 10 000 live births,with an annual range from 214.43 per 10 000 to 359.87 per 10 000.The overall trend incidence showed a fluctuating increase(x2trend=58.781,P＜0.05).The 5 most common defects were congenital heart disease(162.64/10 000),other external ear malformations(31.86/10 000),polydactyly(16.93/10 000),syndactyly(7.58/10 000),and hypospadias(7.35/10 000).Higher incidence rates were observed in mothers under 20 years(398.01/10 000)and ≥35 years(374.37/10 000).The incidence in male infants(354.26/10 000)was higher than that in female infants(282.44/10 000),and urban areas had a higher rate(377.54/10 000)than rural areas(207.41/10 000)with significant differences(x2=18.629,93.155,P＜0.05).Conclusions The incidence of perinatal birth defects in Jinghu District has shown a fluctuating upward trend from 2018 to 2023.There is a need to enhance tertiary prevention efforts and diagnosis capabilities,especially for congenital heart disease.
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