摘要
目的 了解2018-2020年河南省许昌市居民死亡水平和主要死因.方法 根据中国疾病预防控制信息系统死因网络直报系统,收集2018-2020年许昌市户籍居民死亡数据,通过粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、死因顺位等指标,描述居民死亡情况.结果 2018-2020年许昌市死亡人数共82 640例,粗死亡率为541.15/10万,标化死亡率为465.67/10万.男性死亡47 909例,粗死亡率为616.19/10万,女性死亡34 731例,粗死亡率为471.38/10万.男性死亡率高于女性(x2=1 287.60,P＜0.05).死亡率随年龄呈"√"形趋势,0岁时死亡率稍高,随后迅速下降,5～＜10岁达到最低,20～＜25岁出现第二个低值,之后随年龄缓慢增长,40岁以后明显上升,85岁以上居民死亡率达到最高.第二大类疾病(慢性病)为居民的主要死因(86.58％),死亡率为468.51/10万.前3位死因为心脏病(29.87％)、脑血管病(24.80％)和恶性肿瘤(22.77％).结论 慢性病,尤其是心脏病、脑血管病和恶性肿瘤,是许昌市居民死亡的主要原因.对此需要优先采取针对性的干预措施.
Abstract
Objective To assess the mortality levels and the leading causes of death among the population in Xuchang City,Henan Province,from 2018 to 2020.Methods Utilizing the cause of death network direct reporting system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,we collected the death data from residents with registered residence in Xuchang City from 2018 to 2020.The mortality profile was analyzed using crude mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,age specific mortality rates,and cause-specific mortality rankings.Results Over the three-year period,there were a total of 82 640 deaths recorded in Xuchang City,with a crude mortality rate of 541.15/100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 465.67/100 000.Males accounted for 47 909 deaths,with a crude mortality rate of 616.19/100 000,significantly higher than the 34 731 female deaths at a rate of 471.38/100 000(x2=1 287.60,P＜0.05).The mortality rate showed a"√"-shaped trend with age,being slightly higher at birth,rapidly declining until 5-＜10 years old when it reached its lowest point,experiencing a second low until 20-＜25 years old,and then gradually increasing,particularly after the age of 40,peaking in individuals aged over 85.Chronic diseases were the predominant cause of death,accounting for 86.58％of all deaths,with a mortality rate of 468.51/100 000.The top three causes were heart disease(29.87％),cerebrovascular disease(24.80％),and malignancy(22.77％).Conclusions Chronic disease,particularly heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,and malignancy,are the leading causes of mortality among residents in Xuchang.There is a need for prioritized interventions targeting these conditions.
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