Characteristics and influencing factors of the timely medication of non-sexual HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in Henan Province,2021-2022
Objective To investigate the characteristics of non-sexual HIV post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP)and explore factors affecting the timeliness of PPEP initiation in Henan Province.Methods Data from 2021 to 2022 on non-sexual HIV exposure cases in 14 pre-and post-exposure prophylaxis service clinics in Henan Province were collected and analyzed.The analysis included information of exposed individuals,exposure sources,modes of exposure,HIV status of exposure sources,and timing and knowledge regarding PEP.Results From 2021 to 2022,a total of 169 patients accessed drug-blocking services,including 56 occupational(53 medical workers,3 police officers)and 113 general population cases.HIV-positive exposure sources were reported in 119 cases(70.41％),with the blood being the primary source 88.76％.Occupational exposure primarily occurred via sharp instrument injury(53.57％,30/56).Significant differences were observed in HIV infection status(x2=14.640,P＜0.05)and injury modes(x2=15.723,P＜0.05)among populations.The occupational population(68.0％)had a higher rate of accessing drug-blocking services within 2 hours post exposure compared to the general population(32.0％)(x2=16.365,P＜0.05).Individuals exposed to HIV-positive sources were more likely to initiate PEP within 2 hours(84.0％)and 2-24 hours(75.47％)compared to those with unknown exposure status(8.0％,20.76％,respectively)(x2 values were 7.791 and 6.100,respectively,and all P＜0.05).Comparing with general population,occupational individuals had higher awareness of PEP prior to drug intake(x2=13.393,P＜0.05)and better compliance during treatment(x2=8.685,P＜0.05).HIV-positive exposed individuals were more likely to initiate early medication than those unknown exposure status(OR=0.314,95％CI:0.131-0.752).Conclusions Standardizing the treatment process of occupational HIV exposure and expanding HIV testing are critical to improve the public HIV detection rate,reduce the time from exposure to medication,and enhance efficacy of PEP.
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