Epidemiological characteristic and symptom monitoring and analysis of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Laizhou City,Shandong Province in 2023
Objective This study amid to monitor and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases and associated symptoms in Laizhou in 2023,to inform evidence-based strategies for respiratory infectious disease prevention and control.Methods Data on respiratory infectious diseases and symptoms were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,the Shandong infectious disease surveillance data collection and early warning system.Descriptive Epidemiological methods were applied to examine the distribution and outbreak characteristics of respiratory diseases in Laizhou City in 2023,as well as the relationship between disease incidence and symptoms.Results In 2023,a total of 5 914 cases of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases were reported in Laizhou City,with an incidence rate of 715.16/100 000,marking a significant increase compared to 2022(33.06/100 000)and the average incidence rate of 2020-2022(55.74/100 000)(x2=9 410.370,P＜0.05).Notable increases were observed in COVID-19,influenza,pulmonary tuberculosis and scarlet fever,with three distinct peaks in January(COVID-19:99.46％),March(influenza:81.96％;COVID-19:12.02％),and December(influenza:95.84％).The diseases affected all 17 towns,with the highest reported incidence rates in Wenchang Road Street(1 484.79/100 000),Sanshandao Street(1 445.55/100 000),and Yong'an Road Street(1 100.78/100 000).The incidence was highest in individuals aged 60 and above(328.80/100 000),followed by those under 20(197.23/100 000).The male to female ratio was 1.20∶1,with farmers(52.32％)and students(16.04％)being the most affected occupations.Influenza A Type H3 caused a school outbreak.Symptom monitoring and correlation analysis revealed a strong linear correlation between fever(r=0.735,P＜0.05)and cough(r=0.683,P＜0.05)with respiratory infectious diseases.Conclusions In 2023,Laizhou City faced a heightened incidence of respiratory infectious diseases,primarily driven by CO VID-19 and influenza,with peak occurrences in winter and spring.The elderly and students were identified as critical populations for targeted intervention.It is imperative to enhance surveillance of fever and cough and to closely monitor the epidemiological trends in key populations and settings.
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