Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xiangcheng District of Suzhou City,2014-2023
Objective To retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological characteristics and etiological monitoring results of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)in Xiangcheng district of Suzhou city,so as to provide evidence for the formulation of HFMD prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of HFMD cases in Xiangcheng district of Suzhou city from 2014 to 2023 were collected,and etiological monitoring results were sourced from Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the demographic distribution,temporal distribution,geographical distribution,and etiological characteristics of HFMD.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 14 436 cases of HFMD were reported in Xiangcheng district of Suzhou city,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 142.74/105.The highest incidence rate was observed in 2018(259.74/105),while the lowest was in 2020(56.19/105),showing a decreasing trend over the years(x2trend=177.205,P＜0.05).The male-to-female ratio of cases was 1.45:1.The group mainly affected was children under 5 years old,having a total of 11 660 cases reported,which accounted for 80.77％.The highest incidence was seen in the group of 1-2 years old,having 3 603 cases reported,which accounted for 24.96％of the total cases reported.Statistically significant differences in incidence rates were observed among different age groups(x2=183 844.600,P＜0.05).The majority of cases occurred in scattered-living children,and 7 752 cases were reported,accounting for 53.70％of the total cases reported.The incidence exhibited clear seasonality,with single peak occurring from October to December in 2020,from September to December 2022,and from June to August 2023,respectively.From 2012-2019 and in 2021,two peak distributions were observed with the first peak occurring from May to July and the second small peak occurring from September to December.HFMD cases were reported in all townships/sub-districts,and the townships/sub-districts with the top three reported incidence rates were Beiqiao sub-district(176.30/105),Yuanhe sub-district(175.60/105).Huangdai township(152.83/105).Statistically significant differences in average annual reported incidence rates were observed among different townships/sub-districts(x2=553.495,P＜0.05).Over the decade,the spectrum of pathogens causing HFMD changed continuously,with EV71,CA16,and CA6 alternating as the dominant pathogen.From 2014 to 2017,EV71 was dominant(90.32％,42.31％,55.56％,69.23％,respectively),while in 2018,from 2020 to 2023,CA6 became dominant(52.27％,88.00％,57.95％,71.43％,71.43％,respectively),and CA16 dominated in 2019(49.02％).Conclusions From 2014 to 2023,HFMD in Xiangcheng district of Suzhou city demonstrated distinctly demographic,temporal,and geographical characteristics.Enhanced active surveillance targeting specific populations and regions is recommended,along with the development of targeted prevention and control strategies and measures.
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