目的 了解河南省两地区中小学生及家长对食品营养标签和食品包装正面标识(front of package labeling,FOP)类型的认知及偏好情况,为进一步完善营养标签标识和促进人群健康提供科学依据.方法 2021年1-3月,采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取河南省焦作市解放区和南阳市内乡县中小学生及其家长共840人进行问卷调查,采用描述性统计方法对学生及家长的营养标签知晓水平和偏好情况进行分析.结果 中小学生及其家长对食品营养标签知晓率为分别为77.38％(325/420)、70.24％(295/420),不同居住地和文化程度的家长知晓率差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为29.625、8.688,P均＜0.05).学生选择黑色警示标识的比例最高,为35.24％(148/420),城市和农村地区学生对FOP偏好的差异有统计学意义(x2=31.150,P＜0.05);家长更偏向多重红绿灯标识,占45.71％(192/420),不同居住地和文化程度的家长对FOP的偏好差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为44.881、426.963,P均＜0.05);家长最希望标识在FOP上的营养素前三位依次为盐(钠)(83.33％)、糖(81.90％)、碳水化合物(60.48％);不同文化程度家长的孩子希望FOP得到推广的比例差异有统计学意义(x2=8.624,P＜0.05).结论 中小学生及其家长对于食品营养标签和FOP的认知和使用情况基本良好并对推广FOP持支持态度,简单醒目且具有解释性或评价性信息的混合型标识更易被群众接受,优先考虑在FOP上标注盐、糖、碳水化合物等营养信息.
The awareness and preference of the food nutrition labeling and front-of-pack labeling among primary and secondary school students and parents in two regions of Henan Province
Objective To investigate the awareness and preference of the food nutrition labeling and front-of-pack labeling(FOP)among primary and secondary school students and parents in two regions of Henan Province,so as to provide certain scientific reference for the further improvement of nutrition labeling and the promotion of population health.Methods A total of 840 primary and secondary school students and parents from Jiefang District of Jiaozuo City and Neixiang District of Nanyang City in Henan Province were selected as samples for questionnaire survey using the multi-stage stratified sampling method from January to March 2021.Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the awareness level and preference of students and parents about nutrition labels.Results The awareness rate of nutrition labeling among students and parents was 77.38％(325/420)and 70.24％(295/420),respectively,and there were statistically significant differences in parents'awareness rate of nutrition labeling among different district and education groups(x2=29.625 and 8.688,respectively;both P＜0.05).The proportion of students choosing the black warning labels was highest,which was 35.24％(148/420),and there was significant difference in the preference of FOP between the students in urban and rural area(x2=31.150;P＜0.05).Most parents preferred multiple traffic light label,and the proportion was 45.71％(192/420).The differences on the preference of FOP were statistically significant among parents of different areas and educational levels(x2=44.881 and 426.963,respectively;both P＜0.05).The top three nutrients that parents expected to be labeled were salt(sodium)(83.33％),sugar(81.90％)and carbohydrate(60.48％).Parents with different education level had a different proportion of children who expected FOP to be promoted(x2=8.624;P＜0.05).Conclusions The awareness and utilization of the food nutrition labeling and FOP was sanguine,and the promotion of FOP was supported by respondents.Simple and eye-catching mixed type of FOP was easier to accept.Priority should be given to labeling nutritional information such as salt,sugar,and carbohydrates on the FOP.
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