Zhang Zhongjing's Development of the Spleen-Stomach Theory from Huangdi's Internal Classic
Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases inherits the ideas from Huangdi's Internal Classic,including the concepts of"the stomach qi as the root of life"and"the earth generating all things."Zhang Zhongjing consistently emphasized the regulation and protection of the spleen and stomach throughout the whole process of disease treatment.In the six-meridian pattern identification and treatment,he placed equal importance on both the yang qi and yin fluid of the spleen and stomach,always emphasizing the protection of stomach qi.When treating greater yang diseases,Zhang Zhongjing stressed nourishing the source of sweat during diaphoresis.For those with a constitutionally weak spleen and stomach,he would simultaneously expel the pathogens while supplementing the middle energizer and harmonizing the stomach.When using strong medications to expel pathogens,he adhered to the principle of eliminating pathogens without damaging healthy qi,consistently protecting the spleen and stomach qi.For greater yin diseases with spleen yang deficiency,he proposed the method of warming therapy,using formulas like Center-Regulating Pill,and Frigid Extremities Decoction.He applied the ascending and descending theory of the spleen and stomach from Huangdi's Internal Classic to the treatment of spleen and stomach dis-orders,emphasizing the method of pungent opening and bitter descending to suppress upward perversion of qi and harmonize the stom-ach,and established a series of heart-draining formulas like Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction,which became a model for treating spleen and stomach diseases characterized by a mixture of cold and heat,and qi stagnation using the pungent opening and bitter descending method.His approach was also reflected in the methods of decocting,administering,and post-treatment care,ensuring the nourishment of stomach qi at every step.
the spleen-stomach theoryHuangdi's Internal ClassicTreatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous DiseasesZhang Zhongjing
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