Treating Tic Disorders from the Perspective of the Spleen and Stomach
The pathogenesis of tic disorders is primarily associated with neurotransmitter dysregulation in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit.Gut microbiota can communicate bidirectionally with the central nervous system through immune,endocrine,and neural pathways,exerting regulatory effects.According to TCM,the main pathogenesis of tic disorders is considered to be weakness of the spleen and stomach leading to wind,with weakness of the spleen and stomach as the root and wind manifestations as the symptoms.The intestinal microbiome plays a role in assisting digestion in the gastrointestinal tract and participating in the metabolism of carbohy-drates,lipids,and proteins,producing numerous nutrients beneficial to the body.In physiological state,the clear yang rises to the upper orifices,while the turbid yin descends to the lower orifices.Yang governs the function of qi,while yin forms the body.The most important principle is"inhaling the clear and exhaling the turbid."The"clear"substances such as sugar,fat,and protein produced by the gut microbiota metabolism serve as nourishment for the body,while the"turbid"substances such as immune and inflammatory factors,in-dole-3-phosphate sulfate,and imbalanced neurotransmitters are neurotoxic metabolites that disrupt the brain-stem-thalamus-cortex cir-cuit.The healthy functioning of the spleen's"raising the clear"and stomach's"descending the turbid"functions is closely related to the stability of the gut microbiota and its normal function.Therefore,treating tic disorders from the perspective of the spleen and stomach can regulate the gut microbiota and improve the dysfunction of the cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus-cortex circuit,thereby exerting its ther-apeutic effects.
tic disordersgut microbiometreatment based on the spleen and stomachbrain-gut axis theory
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