Mechanism of action of phenolic acids in the stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris L.against chronic pelvic inflammatory disease based on serum metabolomics using GC-MS
Objective To explore the active ingredients and mechanism of action of phenolic acids in the stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris L.against chronic pelvic inflammatory disease based on serum metabolomics using GC-MS.Methods A total of 60 female rats were used in this experiment.Among them,40 rats were treated with mixed bacterial liquid and mechanical injury to establish chronic pelvic inflammatory disease model,ten rats in the normal group were not treated,and ten rats in the sham-operated group were only treated with mechanical injury.After successful modeling,the rat models were subdivided into model group,Kangfuyan Capsules group(KFY group),Cefaclor Dispersible Tablets group(CEC group),and group of phenolic acids from stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris L.(XKC group).Each group was administered with the corresponding medication or distilled water continuously for 21 d.The rat serum from the normal,sham-operated,model,and XKC groups,KFY group,CEC group was analyzed using metabolomics,and the differentially expressed genes after screening were analyzed by GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment.Results The phenolic acids in the stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris L.could repair the pathological damage of chronic pelvic inflammatory tissue.Metabolomics identified 47 metabolites,mainly including carbohydrates,amino acids,organic acids,fatty acids,polyols,and other endogenous substances,and multifactor analysis showed that Prunella vulgaris L.could reduce the abnormal serum metabolites in the inflammatory rats.The main differential metabolic pathways are amino acid metabolism,as well as ascorbic acid and aldaric acid metabolism.The main differential metabolites are urea,gluconic acid,D-glucuronic acid,L-lysine,glycine,L-serine,L-threonine,L-proline,L-phenylalanine,etc.The disease also affected the biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine,and tryptophan,ascorbic acid and aldaric acid metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,as well as glycine,serine,and threonine metabolism.GO function analysis showed that the responses to hormones,cellular responses to nitrogen compounds,and positive regulation of phosphorylation were the main biological processes involved.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,thyroid hormone signaling pathway,and endocrine resistance were the main enrichment pathways.Conclusion The phenolic acids in the stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris L.have obvious therapeutic effects on rats with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.Its mechanism may be related to acting on COBT,ADH1C,MAOB and other targets,intervening in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,thyroid hormone signaling pathway,endocrine resistance,etc.,and causing changes in differential metabolites.
stems and leaves of Prunella vulgaris L.phenolic acidsanti-chronic pelvic inflammatory diseaseserum metabolomicsGC-MS
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