On the role of cupping apparatuses in cupping therapy from the thought of"the nine needles each have their own appropriate uses"in Huang Di Nei Jing
Cupping apparatuses are the carriers of cupping therapy.Nowadays,there is a wide range of cupping apparatuses available.Using different cupping apparatuses produces varying degrees of stimulation with different therapeutic effects.Clinically,different cupping apparatuses should be selected based on different diseases,currently,however,the discussion on the performance and functions of cupping apparatuses is still not mature.Huang Di Nei Jing(Huangdi's Inner Classic)has stated various needle instruments used in clinical acupuncture which are recorded as the"nine needles".It has discussed the differences in stimulation levels and amounts produced by different needles based on their length,shape,and specifications,and proposed the theory of"the nine needles each have their own appropriate uses",indicating that different needles have varying therapeutic effects and are suitable for different diseases.Inspired by this idea,this paper discusses the influence of the size,specifications,and material of cupping apparatuses on the effects of cupping therapy,and proposes that different shapes and qualities of cupping apparatuses produce varying levels and amounts of stimulation with different therapeutic effects and are suitable for different types of diseases.This means that"different cupping apparatuses have their own specific applications",hopefully providing a reference for the selection of cupping apparatuses in clinical practice.
cupping apparatusescuppingcupping methodnine needlesHuang Di Nei Jingmedicinal cupbamboo cup
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