为保障夏花生出苗和高产高效,本研究采用漫灌和膜下滴灌两种灌溉方式,系统研究了不同灌溉方式对夏花生田土壤理化性状、植株养分积累、肥料利用率及花生产量的影响.结果表明,膜下滴灌各土层地温在昼间7:00、9:00、11:30及14:30均高于漫灌,但滴灌处理土壤容重在0～15 cm 土层显著低于漫灌.滴灌处理显著增加了 0～30 cm 土壤含水量,且提高了各土层的有机质含量和花生茎、叶、果壳中氮和磷含量,显著提高了花生荚果氮含量及积累量和花生茎、叶中磷和钾的积累量.与漫灌相比,滴灌处理氮、磷、钾肥的农学效率分别提高33.0％、33.9％、36.4％;夏花生产量显著提高,达17.8％.综合分析表明,膜下滴灌提高了花生产量,增加了经济效益,增强了作物对土壤养分与水分的有效利用.
Effects of Drip Irrigation under Film on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Fertilizer Agronomic Efficiency in Summer Peanut after Wheat Rotaion
In order to guarantee the emergence and high productivity of the summer peanut,a trial with two irrigation methods(flood irrigation and drip irrigation under film)was carried out to systematically study the effects of different irrigation methods on soil physicochemical properties of summer peanut field,as well as plant nutrient accumulation,fertilizer utilization,and yield of the peanut.The results showed that the soil temperature of each soil layer under drip irrigation was higher than flood irrigation at 7:00,9:00,11:30,and 14:30.In addition,the soil bulk density under drip irrigation was significantly lower than flood irriga-tion in the 0-15 cm soil layer.Drip irrigation increased the soil water content in the 0-30 cm soil layer,improved the soil organic matter content in each soil layer,and increased the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in peanut stems,leaves and shell,and significantly increased the content and accumula-tion of nitrogen in peanut pods and the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in peanut stems and leaves.Further more,drip irrigation significantly improved the nitrogen,phosphorus,and potash fer-tilizer agronomic efficiency,which were 33.0％,33.9％,and 36.4％higher than flood irrigation,re-spectively.Summer peanut yield under drip irrigation increased by 17.8％compared to flood irrigation.Comprehensive analysis showed that drip irrigation under film could improve peanut yield,increase e-conomic benefits,and enhance the effective utilization of soil nutrients.
summer peanutdrip irrigation under filmsoil physicochemical propertiesyieldfertilizer use efficiency
万方数据
维普
