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中国空间站环境控制与生命保障系统任务可靠性评估

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空间站环境控制与生命保障系统是确保航天员在轨健康生活与高效工作的关键系统.在中国空间站发射前和在轨稳定运行3年后对该系统开展任务可靠性评估.首先建立系统功能框图,在对配套产品可靠性贡献进行分析的基础上进行系统可靠性建模.然后综合使用多种试验数据来源,在采用贝叶斯方法和威布尔分布模型对产品进行可靠性评估的基础上,使用CMSR法进行系统级别可靠性评估.评估结果说明随着中国空间站在轨任务规划和工作模式的明确,以及在轨飞行数据积累与评估样本量增加,运行3年后评估可进一步准确掌握中国空间站环控生保系统的可靠性水平.系统中不可在轨更换维修的产品具有较长的寿命与较高的固有可靠性.对于在轨可更换维修产品,根据评估结果将其延寿工作与可靠性要求相结合,明确了空间站环控生保系统寿命与可靠性薄弱环节及系统可靠性变化趋势,可为后续制定中国空间站环控生保系统在轨维护方案、在轨备件计划、上行物资清单等工作提供更为准确的参考依据.中国空间站环控生保系统未来随着在轨维修更换和单机可靠性增长工作的进行,可进一步保障系统任务可靠性.本文提出的可靠性建模方法与相似产品数据使用方法,可构建较为合理的可靠性模型并极大地扩充评估数据来源.
Mission reliability assessment for environment control and life support system of china space station
Environment control and life support(ECLS)system is important to living and working of the astronauts in space station.Made mission reliability assessment for ECLS system of China space station before its launch and after three years operation.In the first place,a reliability model was made in unit's reliability contribution principle.Then multiple data resources was used to evaluate component reliability based on Bayes and Weibull model and evaluate system reliability based on CMSR method.The three year mission reliability assessment made a better understanding for ECLS system reliability of China space station with the flight data accumulation and evaluate subsamples increase since flight mission details has been planned.It showed that the on-orbit non-replaceable units of ECLS system has a longer life and higher inherent reliability.Combined the assessment results with the lifetime extension and reliability demands of the on-orbit replaceable units,the weakness and the trend of change of the system life and reliability was discovered.It can provided a more accurate reference for repair maintence arrangement,on-orbit spare parts planning and supplies launching for ECLS system of China space station.The results can support mission reliability of ECLS system of China space station with on-orbit maintenance and replacement and reliability growth of the units of the system in the future.The reliability modeling and date collection methods of similar units can build a more reasonable reliability model and extend data resource for evaluation.

China space stationEnvironment control and life support systemMission reliabilityReliability assessment

廖捷、李英斌、刘向阳、王伟荣、夏侨丽

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中国航天员科研训练中心,北京 100094

人因工程全国重点实验室,北京 10094

中国空间技术研究院总体部,北京 100094

中国空间站 环控生保分系统 任务可靠性 可靠性评估

2024

航天医学与医学工程
中国航天员科研训练中心

航天医学与医学工程

影响因子:0.392
ISSN:1002-0837
年,卷(期):2024.35(6)