Objective:To investigate whether atrial fibrillation(AF)can improve exercise endurance in pa-tients with AF,and thus provide active rhythm therapy in patients with AF.Methods:A total of thir-ty patients with AF with successful conversion after cardiorespiratory exercise test(CPET)were se-lected as the study subjects,CPET was completed again after conversion,and the data before and af-ter conversion were compared by paired t-test.Results:There were significant changes in mean maxi-mum exercise load,peak oxygen intake(VO2max),anaerobic threshold oxygen dose(VO2AT),car-bon dioxide ventilation equivalent slope(VE/VCO2slope),maximum heart rate(HRmax),anaerobic threshold heart rate(HRAT).The changes in heart rate and the peak oxygen pulse were the most ob-vious(P<0.01).Conclusion:Successful conversion in patients with atrial fibrillation can improve ex-ercise endurance significantly.