Effect of lifestyle intervention on preventing gestational diabetes mellitus in high-risk pregnant women
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目的:探讨采用生活方式干预来预防高危孕妇发生妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的可行性.方法:自2020年12月至2022年2月,在武汉市共招募251名有GDM高危因素的孕妇,并随机分配其到干预组(n=128)与对照组(n=123).对干预组进行生活方式干预,干预措施包括饮食建议、健康教育及体重管理,对照组定期孕期体检.所有孕妇在孕24～28周接受GDM筛查.结果:孕24～28周,干预组和对照组的GDM发生率分别为16.4％(21/128)和30.9％(38/123)(P＜0.01).干预组空腹血糖[(4.31±0.37)mmol/L]、服糖后 1 h 血糖[(7.10±1.73)mmol/L]、服糖后 2 h血糖[(5.92±1.33)mmol/L]均低于对照组的(4.53±0.42)mmol/L、(7.53±1.68)mmol/L、(6.37± 1.24)mmol/L(P＜0.05).结论:对高危孕妇进行生活方式干预能够预防GDM的发生.
Objective:To investigate the feasibility of using lifestyle interventions to prevent gestational dia-betes mellitus(GDM)in high-risk pregnant women.Methods:From December 2020 to February 2022,251 pregnant women with risk factors of GDM were recruited in Wuhan.They were randomly assigned to the intervention group(n=128)and the control group(n=123).Lifestyle interventions were implemented in the intervention group,including dietary advice,health education,and weight management,while the patients in control group underwent regular prenatal check-ups.All pregnant women received GDM screening at 24-28 weeks of gestation.Results:The incidence of GDM in the intervention group was 16.4％(21/128)and 30.9％(38/123)in the control group at 24-28 weeks ges-tation(P＜0.01).In the intervention group,the fasting blood glucose,1-hour postprandial blood glu-cose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were lower level than those of control group,as(4.31± 0.37)mmol/L,(7.10±1.73)mmol/L,and(5.92±1.33)mmol/L,respectively,vs(4.53±0.42)mmol/L,(7.53±1.68)mmol/L,and(6.37±1.24)mmol/L,respectively,and all the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Lifestyle interventions for high-risk pregnant women can prevent the occurrence of GDM.
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