Microglia are inherent immune cells in the central nervous system.Its existence provides a dynamic and efficient monitoring system for the brain.More and more evidence shows that inflammatory microglia may cause tissue damage,destroy the normal physiological function of the brain,induce or accelerate brain aging,and lead to neurodegenerative diseases.Many viral infections will infect the brain and affect the function of microglia.In particular,chronic and persistent viral infection will lead to low-level neuroinflammation,which may cause brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases.This review explains the neurocognitive deficits of various neuro-phagocytic viruses in microglia-mediated immune response and the potential role of accelerating brain aging and causing neurodegenerative diseases.
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