摘要
外泌体是一种直径在30～150 nm之间、具有磷脂双分子层的盘状囊泡,内涵丰富,包括多种核酸和蛋白质.外泌体在细胞生理、病理过程中发挥重要调控作用,为细胞之间的信号传递搭建了桥梁,与肿瘤细胞的增殖和转移调控密切相关.本文综述了外泌体的特征、成分、功能以及肿瘤来源的外泌体在肿瘤微环境、肿瘤细胞信号传递以及肿瘤血管生成等方面的功能及机制,并分析了外泌体在肝癌中发生发展、诊断、转移和耐药等方面的潜在价值及应用前景.
Abstract
Exosomes are disk-like vesicles with a phospholipid bilayer between 30 and 150 nm in diameter and are rich in content,including various nucleic acids and proteins.Exosomes play an important regulatory role in cell physiology and pathology,build a bridge for signal transmission between cells,and are closely related to the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.In this paper,we reviewed the characteristics,composition,and function of exosomes,as well as the function and mechanism of tumor-derived exosomes in the tumor microenvironment,tumor cell signaling,and tumor angiogenesis,and analyzed the potential value and application prospect of exosomes in the occurrence,diagnosis,metastasis,and drug resistance of liver cancer.
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