MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of small non-coding single-stranded RNAs encoded by endogenous genes found in animals,plants,and some viruses,which play key roles in cellular activities such as cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,etc.Recent studies have found that microRNA-124(miR-124)participates in the differentiation,axon,and dendritic arborization,synaptic transmission,and the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and apoptosis.This review focuses on the relationship between miR-124 and the development of the nervous system,the core pathophysiological processes of related nervous system diseases,to provide certain references for neurological disease treatment.
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