摘要
根据劳动力投入的差异,将"非粮化"分为轻劳动力型和重劳动力型,并以山区绥宁县为例,厘清"非粮化"的特征、影响因素,提出管控措施.结果表明:(1)轻劳动力型"非粮化"各乡镇均明显,重劳动力型"非粮化"仅在城关镇和东山侗族乡明显.(2)耕地斑块破碎化程度高,呈现为轻劳动力型破碎化程度＞重劳动力型破碎化程度＞粮作耕地破碎化程度.(3)轻劳动力型"非粮化"水平随高程、坡度呈现递增趋势,重劳动力型"非粮化"除海拔250 m以下,整体随高程呈现递减趋势,随坡度变化无规律.(4)在农户层面,非农就业、野生动物破坏、交通条件、离集镇距离和农业收入显著影响轻劳动力型"非粮化";农业收入、离集镇距离和耕地转入面积显著影响重劳动力型"非粮化".研究结果以期为"非粮化"的管控提供决策参考.
Abstract
Based on the differences in labor input,"non grainification"is divided into light labor type and heavy labor type.Taking Suining County in the mountainous area as an exam-ple,the characteristics and influencing factors of"non grainification"are clarified,and control measures are proposed.The results show that:(1)the non grain oriented light labor force is evident in all townships,while the non grain oriented heavy labor force is only evident in Chengguan Township and Dongshan Dong Ethnic Township.(2)The degree of fragmentation of cul-tivated land patches is high,presenting as light labor type＞heavy labor type＞grain cultivated land.(3)The level of non grainification in light labor types shows an increasing trend with altitude and slope,while in heavy labor types,except for those below 250 meters above sea level,the overall trend of non grainification decreases with altitude,and there is no pattern of change with slope.(4)At the level of farmers,non-agricultural employment,wildlife destruction,transportation conditions,distance from the market town,and agricultural income significantly affect the"non grainification"of light labor forces;Agricultural income,dis-tance from the market town,and the area of cultivated land transfer significantly affect the heavy labor force oriented"non grainification".The research results aim to provide decision-making references for the control of non-grain production.
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