湖南农业科学2024，Issue(7) ：39-42.DOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2024.007.008

有机肥氮替代化肥氮对水稻产质量及土壤养分的影响

Replacing Chemical N Fertilizer by Manure Improves the Yield and Quality of Rice and Soil Fertility

曾鹏 胡东升 罗熙哲 张浩东 黄梦娇 谢桂先
湖南农业科学2024，Issue(7) ：39-42.DOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2024.007.008
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有机肥氮替代化肥氮对水稻产质量及土壤养分的影响

Replacing Chemical N Fertilizer by Manure Improves the Yield and Quality of Rice and Soil Fertility

曾鹏 1胡东升 2罗熙哲 1张浩东 1黄梦娇 1谢桂先3
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作者信息

  • 1. 湖南农业大学资源学院,湖南 长沙 410128
  • 2. 靖州县农业农村局,湖南 靖州 418400
  • 3. 湖南农业大学资源学院,湖南 长沙 410128;土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心,湖南 长沙 410128
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摘要

为了探讨有机肥氮替代化肥氮对水稻生长和土壤肥力的影响,设置不施肥(T1)、常规施肥(T2)、优化施肥(T3)、有机肥氮替代 15%化肥氮(T4)、有机肥氮替代 30%化肥氮(T5)、等氮条件下有机肥氮替代 15%化肥氮(T6)及等氮条件下有机肥氮替代 30%化肥氮(T7)共 7 个处理进行田间试验,研究有机肥氮替代化肥氮对水稻产量、产量构成、氮素利用效率、稻米品质以及土壤理化性质的影响.结果表明:与T3 处理相比,有机肥氮替代化肥氮处理均显著增加水稻产量,其中以T7 处理效果最好;T5 和T7 处理的水稻有效穗数比T3 处理分别显著增加了 10.9%和 13.3%;与T3 处理相比,T7 处理的水稻偏生产力和氮肥农学效率均得到了显著增加;与T1 处理相比,施肥处理均显著提高了水稻的整精米率,增加幅度为 1.29～2.87 个百分点;相比T3 处理,T7 可以显著增加 8.3%的水稻蛋白质含量;同时,与T3 处理相比,T7 处理会增加土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量.综上,等氮条件下有机肥氮替代 30%化肥氮是一种合理的施肥模式,适合推广应用.

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of replacing chemical N fertilizer by manure on rice growth and soil fertility.Field experiments were carried out with seven treatments:no fertilizer(T1),conventional fertilizer(T2),optimized fertilizer(T3),manure replacing 15%chemical N fertilizer(T4),manure replacing 30%chemical N fertilizer(T5),manure replacing 15%chemical N fertilizer under isonitrogen conditions(T6),and manure replacing 30%chemical N fertilizer under isonitrogen conditions(T7).The rice yield,yield components,nitrogen use efficiency,rice quality,and soil physicochemical properties in each treatment were determined.The results showed that compared with T3,replacing chemical N fertilizer with manure significantly increased the rice yield,and T7 had the best effect.Compared with T3,T5 and T7 increased the effective panicle number by 10.9%and 13.3%,respectively.Compared with T3,T7 increased the partial factor productivity and agronomic nitrogen efficiency of rice.Compared with T1,other treatments increased the head rice rate by 1.29%-2.87%.Compared with T3,T7 increased the rice protein content by 8.3%and it meanwhile increased the available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil.In conclusion,replacing 30%chemical N fertilizer with manure under isonitrogen conditions is a fertilization mode suitable for application and popularization.

关键词

有机肥氮替代化肥氮/化肥/水稻/产量/品质/土壤养分

Key words

replacing chemical N fertilizer by manure/chemical fertilizer/rice/yield/quality/soil nutrients

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基金项目

湖南省绿色种养循环农业试点项目(湘农联[2021]50号)

出版年

2024
湖南农业科学
湖南省农业科学院 湖南省科技厅星火促进会 湖南农业大学

湖南农业科学

影响因子：0.415
ISSN：1006-060X
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